benign head histiocytosis
Introduction
Introduction to benign head histiocytosis Benigncephalichistiocytosis (BCH) is a self-healing non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by hyperplasia of histiocytes without the Birbeck particles in the cytoplasm. Granule LG), immunohistochemical staining for S-100 protein and CDIa (OKT6) negative. The disease includes a series of self-healing diseases that occur in children and adults, and may be related to environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the incidence rate is 0.02%--0.05% Susceptible people: good for infants before the age of 3 Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: papular angiogenesis
Cause
Causes of benign head histiocytosis
(1) Causes of the disease
The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is still unclear. Because clinical and histopathological findings overlap, it suggests benign head histiocytosis, which is closely related to systemic rash histiocytosis, disseminated xanthoma and yellow granuloma.
Prevention
Benign head histiocytosis prevention
The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy. Therefore, it is impossible to directly prevent the disease against the cause. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are important for indirect prevention of this disease, and can also reduce the incidence of infection complications. For patients with existing infections, antibiotics should be used as soon as possible.
Complication
Benign head histiocytosis complications Complications, papular angiogenesis
The disease belongs to an autoimmune disease, and its prognosis is good. Most patients can usually heal themselves, so the disease is very mild and generally has no complications. If the patient has skin itching and scratching, the bacterial infection may be caused by the rupture of the skin. In severe cases, even sepsis may occur, and symptoms of systemic poisoning such as fever, headache, increased rhythm, and rapid breathing may occur.
Symptom
Benign head histiocytosis symptoms common symptoms papular tissue cell proliferation scalp necrosis
This disease is rare. Only 30 cases were reported before 1971. It occurs in infants and young children before the age of 3, and the incidence of men and women is about equal. The rash is asymptomatic, slightly rounded or oval, pale red and brown. Yellow pimples, 2 to 8 mm in diameter, the skin lesions first occur on the upper part of the face, mainly in the eyelids, forehead and cheeks, and later in the entire head, behind the ears, occiputs and neck, can also occur in the shoulders and arms The number of skin lesions varies from one to more than 100, and it continues to occur. The mucous membranes and internal organs are not infringed. After 8 months to 4 years of damage, the skin can be dissipated without leaving scars.
Examine
Examination of benign head histiocytosis
Histopathology: Early damage is clearly infiltrated, tightly attached to the thin and flat epidermis. Most of the cells in the infiltrate are tissue cells, with pleomorphic nuclei, chromatin sparse, sometimes cytoplasmic glass, stale Sexual damage, there are a few nuclear nucleus located in the periphery of multinucleated giant cells, in addition to scattered or clustered lymphocytes and a small number of eosinophils mixed, immunohistochemical examination of tissue cells S-100 protein and CDIa (OKT6) negative, CD11b And CD4 positive, ultra-microscopic examination showed that there are many membranes with diameters of 500-1500mm in all tissue cells, and almost one-fourth of the tissue cells are seen by two layers of about 6mm electronic micro-dense membrane and about 8mm transparent gap in the middle. The comma-like body formed, this comma-like body, has no diagnostic value, because this similar body is also seen in yellow granuloma, systemic rash histiocytosis, Langerhans cell tissue cells Hyperplasia and congenital self-healing Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of benign head histiocytosis
1. Juvenile yellow granuloma: especially with small nodular juvenile yellow granuloma, juvenile yellow granulomatous nodules are pleomorphic, the site is not limited to the head and neck, histopathological examination, by a large number of multinucleated giant cells It is composed of foam cells, and electron microscopic examination reveals lipid droplets in the cytoplasm.
2. Pigmented urticaria: should be differentiated from nodular pigmented urticaria, the latter after the friction group, a large number of mast cells can be seen by histopathological examination.
3. Sarcoidosis: should be identified with mossy mesothelioma, the latter histopathological examination shows epithelioid cell islands, reticular fibers extending into and around epithelioid cell islands.
4. Systemic rash histiocytosis: mainly seen in adults, skin lesions are widespread, and electron microscopy shows that there are many dense and regular lamellar bodies in macrophages, clustered and aggregated.
5. Papular xanthoma: extensive skin lesions, even in early damage, histopathological examination can also see foam cells and Touton giant cells.
6. Langerhans cell histiocytosis: especially Hand-Schüller-Christian disease, the latter immunohistochemical examination of S-100 protein positive, ultramicroscopic examination of Birbeck particles, can be identified.
