alveolar-capillary block syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to alveolar-capillary block syndrome The alveolar-capillary block syndrome (alveolar capillary blocksyndrome) is a group of lesions in which the interstitial wall of the alveolar-capillary constituting the gas diffusion surface is degraded and the oxygen dispersibility is reduced. There are many causes of alveolar-capillary gas diffusion disorder, such as pulmonary fibrosis caused by systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, lung damage caused by scleroderma, exogenous alveolitis, lung Sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, obstructive bronchiolitis with organizing pneumonia, various forms of intrapulmonary granulomatous disease. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0025% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: contagious Complications: acute left heart failure in the elderly
Cause
Causes of alveolar-capillary block syndrome
Causes:
There are many causes of alveolar-capillary gas diffusion disorder, such as pulmonary fibrosis caused by systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, lung damage caused by scleroderma, exogenous alveolitis, lung Sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, obstructive bronchiolitis with organizing pneumonia, various forms of intrapulmonary granulomatous disease, alveolar cell carcinoma, multiple pulmonary microthrombus, pulmonary hemorrhage Sedimentosis, alveolar proteinosis, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis caused by various drugs are all within the scope of this syndrome.
Diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (30%):
Diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis is an inflammatory disease of the interstitial lung caused by a variety of causes. The lesion mainly affects the interstitial lung, and may also involve alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary vessels. The cause is clear and some are unknown. The clear causes are inhalation of inorganic dust such as asbestos and coal; organic dust such as mildew dust, cotton dust; gases such as smoke, sulfur dioxide, etc.; viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasitic infections; drug effects and radiation damage. The disease belongs to the category of "cough", "hypertension" and "pulmonary sputum" of traditional Chinese medicine.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis (25%):
Pulmonary sarcoidosis, once called a sarcoidosis, is an allergic disease of unknown cause. Pathological changes are non-thousogenic granulomas, which can invade all organs of the body, but more involve lymph nodes, lungs, liver, spleen and skin, etc., which are commonly distributed in the world and have multi-system granulomatous diseases of unknown etiology.
Alveolar proteinosis (15%):
Alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease of unknown cause. It is characterized by the deposition of insoluble phospholipid-rich protein in the alveoli, and the clinical symptoms are mainly shortness of breath, cough and cough. Chest X-ray showed diffuse lung infiltration shadows in both lungs. Pathological examination is characterized by a protein-like substance in the alveoli filled with periodic acid staining by periodic acid Schiff (PAS).
Prevention
Alveolar-capillary block syndrome prevention
Active treatment of primary disease, strengthening supportive therapy, and improving immunity. Improve environmental sanitation, do a good job of personal labor protection, eliminate and avoid the effects of smoke, dust and irritating gases on the respiratory tract, diet therapy for lung diseases, pay attention to light and comfortable. Patients with alveoli need to pay attention to the nutritional supplement of the diet, from which to get conditioning and treatment. You can use the traditional Chinese medicine method to moisturize the lungs.
Complication
Alveolar-capillary block syndrome complications Complications, acute left heart failure in the elderly
Late concurrent right heart failure. Pulmonary damage caused by scleroderma, exogenous alveolitis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, obstructive bronchiolitis with organizing pneumonia, various forms of intrapulmonary granulomatous disease , alveolar cell carcinoma, multiple pulmonary micro-thrombus, hemosiderin deposition in the lung, alveolar proteinosis, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis caused by various drugs.
Symptom
Alveolar-Capillary Block Syndrome Symptoms Common Symptoms Right Heart Failure Breathing Difficulties
In addition to the clinical manifestations of the primary disease, the following common features: the incidence is more insidious, slow progress; progressive dyspnea, followed by varying degrees of cyanosis, shallow and rapid breathing, clubbing (toe) after a long illness; cough A small amount of cough, may have fever, weight loss, etc.; right heart failure can occur in the late stage, typical signs mainly include inspiratory burst sounds and clubbing of both lungs.
Examine
Alveolar-capillary block syndrome test
Restrictive ventilatory disorders were dominant, and the distraction disorder was observed. There was no obvious obstructive ventilatory disorder and uneven blood flow.
Chest X-ray examination of diffuse spotted, reticular, ground-glass or honeycomb-like shadows in both lungs.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of alveolar-capillary block syndrome
According to the medical history and clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and other auxiliary examinations can be diagnosed.
Clinical needs to be differentiated from emphysema and heart failure.
