Skin diseases caused by inorganic salts
Introduction
Introduction to skin diseases caused by inorganic salts Skin diseases caused by inorganic acids account for about 3% of occupational skin diseases, while sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid are representative of inorganic acids. Acid mist can cause itching or burning sensation in the contact area, but no obvious rash appears. Itching is more common in exposed areas, such as the face, neck, back of the hand, etc., disappears after bathing. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.5% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: chronic bronchitis
Cause
Causes of skin diseases caused by inorganic salts
(1) Causes of the disease
Inorganic acid causes skin mucosal reaction to be purely caused by primary stimulation. After exposure to nitric acid, the skin becomes yellow. This is caused by a yellow substance (flavin acid) produced by contact between nitric acid and protein in the skin. In addition to acid mist, workers can also continuously contact sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide gas. Nitric acid is also exposed to nitrogen dioxide and nitrous oxide gas, which can stimulate skin and mucous membranes.
(two) pathogenesis
Inorganic acids cause skin mucosal reactions to be purely caused by primary irritation. In order to cause burns, it is mainly because the water is aspirated from the tissues to coagulate the proteins, thus causing coagulative necrosis of local tissues. It is heavier with sulfuric acid and nitric acid, but hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, especially the former, are highly volatile and have a high solubility in water, so the irritancy is also large. In terms of determining the degree of disease, the acid concentration and contact time are directly In addition, in addition, if the skin is wounded or ruptured before contact, it is prone to cause chronic ulcers that are persistent.
After exposure to nitric acid, the skin becomes yellow. This is caused by a yellow substance (flavin acid) produced by the contact of nitric acid with the protein of the skin. Workers producing sulfuric acid can continuously contact with sulfur dioxide in addition to acid mist in production. Nitrogen dioxide gas, nitric acid is also exposed to nitrogen dioxide and nitrous oxide gas, these gases can stimulate the skin and mucous membranes.
Prevention
Prevention of skin diseases caused by inorganic salts
First of all, you should follow the safe operating procedures, wear protective equipment to prevent all air leakage, and strive to make the production process airtight, pipeline, strengthen personal protection, and apply appropriate acid-resistant protective agents.
Complication
Skin disease complications caused by inorganic salts Complications chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis can occur in severe cases.
Symptom
Symptoms of skin diseases caused by inorganic salts Common symptoms Skin itching papules painful skin Calcium
The symptoms caused by the four acids are generally similar except for a slight difference in degree.
1. Skin irritation symptoms Acid mist can cause itching or burning sensation in the contact area, but no obvious rash appears. Itching is more common in exposed parts, such as face, neck, back of the hand, etc., and disappears after bathing.
2. Burning skin after contact with strong acid, local tingling, such as immediate flushing, leaving only flushing, otherwise it will change from flushing to dark brown, followed by blistering, ulceration, taking hydrofluoric acid as an example, 20% to 60% concentration Causes burns, first manifested as local skin marble-like changes, followed by severe burning, skin redness and blistering, containing brown liquid, ulceration after blister formation, deeper ulcers, clear boundaries, not easy to heal, contact volume, treatment If you don't have bones, the burns are easy to occur in the exposed parts, especially in the hands.
3. When dermatitis is often exposed to acid mist or diluted acid solution, it may cause acute dermatitis at the contact site. The rash is mainly erythema and papules. After stopping for 1 to 2 days, it gradually subsides. If it is not handled properly, it may be cured for a long time. Eczema-like changes.
4. Other performance exposure to acid mist can often cause nasal, pharynx, throat and other upper respiratory tract mucosal irritation, severe chronic bronchitis can occur, it has been reported that long-term exposure to hydrochloric acid mist can cause nasal septal perforation or pharyngeal mucosal ulcer, tooth acid Eclipse, ulcerative stomatitis or digestive tract inflammation, can cause eye damage due to careless work, contact with nitric acid, often cause skin, hair, nail yellow dye, acid workers can develop paronychia, hydrofluoric acid It can cause severe pain and even nail loss.
Examine
Examination of skin diseases caused by inorganic salts
The disease is directly related to inorganic salts due to excessive concentration, or the patient's skin is too sensitive to such substances. Clinical examination includes blood routine, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and allergen test (skin patch test).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of skin diseases caused by inorganic salts
Workers exposed to inorganic acids are exposed to inorganic acids in production. After exposure to nitric acid, the skin becomes yellow. The skin and mucous membranes exposed to nitric acid are stimulated. From the pathogenic situation, sulfuric acid and nitric acid are heavier, but hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Acid, especially the former is highly volatile, and has a high solubility in water, so its irritancy is also large. Clinical skin damage has skin irritation, dermatitis, burns and other manifestations. According to the history of inorganic acid contact and skin lesions, it can be done. Diagnose.
