Loassis
Introduction
Introduction to Roa Filariasis Luoaiasis (loaiasis) is a connective tissue filariasis caused by Luo's worm. The main clinical features are migratory masses of subcutaneous connective tissue, filarial conjunctivitis and joint pain. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.007% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: mites bite Complications: pericarditis myocarditis endocarditis brain edema ascites
Cause
Cause of filariasis
(1) Causes of the disease
The worm body is slightly white and has a translucent filament shape. The male is 30-34 mm long and 0.35-0.43 mm wide. The female is 50-70 mm long and 0.5 mm wide. It often resides under the skin and under the conjunctiva and can survive for 15 years. Microfilaments are 250-300 m long and 6-8.5 m wide. They occur in the peripheral blood of patients at 10-15 hours during the daytime. They have also been found in urine, sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid. When the human body sucks blood, the microfilaria can be inhaled and develop into infected larvae in the spotted scorpion in about 7 days. When the sputum sucks again, the infected larva escapes to the human skin and invades through the blood-sucking wound. The human body matures in the human body for about one year.
(two) pathogenesis
When the human body sucks blood, the microfilaria can be inhaled and develop into infected larvae in the spotted larvae after about 7 days. When the sputum sucks again, the larvae in the infected period escape from the sputum to the human skin, and the blood is wounded by the blood. Invading the human body, mature in the human body for about 1 year, and the adult migrates to the subcutaneous connective tissue and develops.
Prevention
Luo filariasis prevention
Control the source of infection: timely treatment of patients, according to epidemiological conditions can be confirmed by investigation of infected patients; use insecticides to eliminate larvae.
Eliminate the route of infection: remove places that are prone to aphids.
Protect the susceptible population: In places where there are many mites such as the jungle, a repellent (such as dimethyl phthalate) should be applied to the skin in advance to prevent plaque. Prevention of this disease mainly from the treatment, large-scale census of the general treatment of patients to eliminate the source of infection, adult methamphetamine 200mg / d, and even served for 3 days, 1 / month, can effectively prevent Roas infection, use kill Insecticides eliminate the breeding of larvae, and it is necessary to apply repellents (such as dimethyl phthalate) on the skin to prevent spotted thorns.
Complication
Luo filariasis complications Complications pericarditis myocarditis endocarditis cerebral edema ascites
Complications of this disease are rare. Can be concurrent:
Meningoencephalitis: Microfilaria can be found in the cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical manifestations include headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, and brain edema.
Brain coma: After taking prothamine, the dying microfilaria can block the brain's capillaries and cause persistent coma.
Filariasis cardiac insufficiency: pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis. Clinical manifestations of tissue lesions, fever, chest pain, ascites and other symptoms.
Other: pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration, proteinuria and even hematuria. Insects can also invade the lungs and kidneys, causing abnormal lung and kidney function.
Symptom
Symptoms of Roa Filaria Symptoms Common symptoms Skin itching and swelling of the back of the knee,... It is a wasp-type migratory edema, photophobia and tearing
The incubation period of this disease is about 1 year, which causes skin and eye symptoms and other signs when the disease occurs.
1. Skin Symptoms: Adults migrate to the subcutaneous connective tissue, causing allergic reactions in the subcutaneous tissue under the action of metabolites of the filariasis. In the formation of migratory masses, it may be accompanied by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and itchy skin. The mass of the tumor is 5 to 10 cm in diameter, or it is a migratory edema of the wasp, which is hard and elastic. The swelling usually disappears after 2 to 3 days, and is more common in the limbs, trunk, fingers, large fish muscles, gastrocnemius muscles, etc., and the scrotum can also appear. When the worms leave, the lumps disappear. In the affected area, the peristaltic cord-like worm can be touched under the skin. Adults can sneak into the deep cortex to produce microfilaria.
2. Eye symptoms: Adults often move to the conjunctiva of the eye to cause conjunctivitis. The main symptoms are conjunctival congestion and edema, photophobia, tearing, itching, foreign body sensation, and less secretion. No serious harm. The worm body can cause a strip-like metastatic mass in the skin of the eyelids. Filaria can be moved from one eye to the other under the nose bridge.
3. Cardio-cerebral symptoms: Endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis can occur when the body invades the heart. In addition, microfilariae can block brain capillaries and cause central nervous system damage caused by hypoxia in the brain, and can also cause peripheral neuritis.
4. Others: Some patients have an inconvenient visual acuity due to eye symptoms, which causes anxiety psychosis. Some patients can show proximal joint pain in the extremities, some local swelling, and mobility disorders. In addition, patients may have systemic fever, urticaria, and eosinophilia.
Adults can crawl out of the body from the skin, and can also invade various organs, such as the stomach and bladder. Occasionally, those who invade the glottis or cause severe symptoms in the urethra.
Examine
Examination of filariasis
1. Clinical manifestation: When Rotafil is transferred to human skin or eye, it is possible to observe the peristalsis of the worm.
2. Blood examination: Peripheral blood microfilariae are positive, and eosinophils are increased in peripheral blood, which can be as high as 60% to 90%.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of Luo filariasis
According to the diagnosis from the patient's subcutaneous or subconjunctival removal of the worm or peripheral blood microfilaria, there is no reliable immunological diagnosis.
Clinical needs are differentiated from chain filariasis, often filariasis, and filariasis. Identification of the above three diseases, on the other hand, can be identified from clinical manifestations, Roarworm often causes ocular symptoms, while chain filariasis, filariasis, or filariasis is not or There are few symptoms in this regard. On the other hand, the species can be identified from the skin biopsy.
