chlorine poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to chlorine poisoning Chlorine poisoning is a systemic disease caused by acute respiratory damage caused by inhaling a large amount of chlorine in the short term during work. Chlorine is a yellow-green irritating gas with a specific gravity 2.5 times that of air, causing serious damage to the respiratory tract and high irritation to the mucous membranes of the eyes and skin. It is widely used in the chemical and plastics industries. It is used as a bleaching agent in the paper and textile industry. Liquid chlorine is widely used in daily life disinfection and cleaning agents. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0002% - 0.0005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bronchial pneumonia pulmonary edema respiratory failure
Cause
Cause of chlorine poisoning
Contact with chlorine (90%)
Most chlorine poisoning occurs in industrial accidents. Chlorine reacts with water in the tissue to form hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid, as well as chlorine and oxygen free radicals. More interestingly, the stimulating effect of chlorine on the respiratory mucosa is 10 to 30 times that of hydrochloric acid, depending on the concentration of contact. And time, so that the entire respiratory tract can be affected. The opportunity for industrial exposure to chlorine is: chlorine can be exposed if the equipment is not tightly sealed or repaired during the manufacture or use of chlorine. In the case of liquid chlorine infusion, transportation and storage, if the cylinder is poorly sealed or defective, a large amount of chlorine gas may also escape. Mainly found in electrolyzed salt solution, manufacturing a variety of chlorine-containing compounds, paper, printing and dyeing and tap water disinfection industries.
Prevention
Chlorine poisoning prevention
prevention:
1. Strengthen safety education, improve operational procedures, and regularly inspect production equipment to prevent run, run, drip, leak, and enhance ventilation.
2. Pay more attention to safety and personal protection during transportation.
3. Take good pre-employment check-ups, and any health search for tracheal and cardio-pulmonary diseases should not be engaged in such operations.
Complication
Chlorine poisoning complications Complications, bronchopneumonia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure
Concurrent bronchial pneumonia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure.
Symptom
Chlorine poisoning symptoms Common symptoms Difficulty breathing coma Leukocytosis Convulsions Both lungs are covered with miliary shadows, sputum, shock, hoarseness, dry cough, chest pain
Immediately after inhalation of chlorine gas, respiratory irritation occurs, the concentration of chlorine in the air reaches or exceeds 90mg/m3, and there are symptoms such as pulmonary edema. At first, there are chest tightness, shortness of breath, cough, chest pain, fever, headache, and difficulty breathing. Deaf-mute, occasionally bloody foamy sputum, lungs can smell dry and wet voices, leukocytosis, exposure to high concentrations of chlorine cause non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, extremely difficult breathing, manifested as cyanosis, massive bloody foam, mental disorder, convulsions , coma, shock, renal dysfunction and acid-base balance disorders, reported that no cough accounted for about 2.7% to 52.4%, the clinical features of this disease is rapid onset, lung shadow disappears quickly.
Examine
Chlorine poisoning inspection
1, laboratory examination: peripheral blood image detection, white blood cell count (WBC) examination showed: leukocytosis.
2, chest fluoroscopy and X-ray examination: chestlet can be normal when the condition is mild, can also be manifested as pulmonary interstitial changes and / or changes in lung parenchyma.
3. Pleural effusion examination: In recent years, with the advancement of immunology and molecular biology, many new laboratory testing methods have emerged, which has made great progress in the biochemical detection of pleural effusion (PE). Clinical diagnosis and treatment of chlorine poisoning provides more basis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of chlorine poisoning
diagnosis
1. Most patients have a history of exposure to chlorine, and most of them are collectively multi-person.
2. According to the clinical manifestations of tears, conjunctival irritation, dry cough, pharyngitis, chest pain, dyspnea and other symptoms, the diagnosis is not difficult.
Differential diagnosis
It should be differentiated from acute laryngitis, bronchitis and bronchial pneumonia caused by other causes.
