Pulmonary arterial hypoplasia
Introduction
Introduction to pulmonary dysplasia Pulmonary arterial dysplasia (PAA) is a rare congenital malformation, including many types, such as lack of pulmonary artery trunk, lack of proximal right or left pulmonary artery, abnormal origin of left pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery narrowing. Often accompanied by other cardiovascular malformations, such as tetralogy of Fallot. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: upper respiratory tract infection
Cause
Cause of pulmonary dysplasia
Pathogenesis:
Pulmonary artery atresia is characterized by pulmonary atresia or residual fibrous cord in the pulmonary artery segment, while the left and right pulmonary artery is in a normal position and connected to the aorta. The proximal or left pulmonary artery lacks proximal vascular lumen atresia, and the lung tissue blood supply Abnormal branches from the bronchial artery or aorta, with ipsilateral pulmonary hypoplasia, left pulmonary artery abnormalities originate from the right side often form a sling-like surrounding trachea or right main bronchus caused by tamponade and obstruction, pulmonary artery constriction is single or multiple, The degree of stenosis varies, often accompanied by stenotic distal vasodilation, and other cardiovascular malformations.
Causes:
The cause is not clear.
Prevention
Pulmonary artery dysplasia prevention
Avoid colds and prevent cold. Should pay attention to hygiene, quit smoking and enhance physical fitness, improve systemic resistance, reduce the occurrence of colds and various respiratory diseases. Patients with pulmonary heart disease should be treated separately for the remission period and the acute phase. Respiratory infections are a common cause of respiratory failure and require active control. Pay attention to raising lungs and spleen, and adjust the diet. Soothes the liver and lungs, nourishing the spleen.
Complication
Pulmonary artery dysplasia complications Complications upper respiratory tract infection
Concurrent recurrent infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Symptom
Symptoms of pulmonary dysplasia Common symptoms Difficulty breathing, tracheal obstruction, difficulty swallowing, hemoptysis
Most of the pulmonary trunk defects are stillbirth, or in the infancy, they die from pulmonary hypertension. The common symptoms of the right or left pulmonary artery are hemoptysis and dyspnea. The abnormal origin of the left pulmonary artery is characterized by tracheal and esophageal obstruction, such as wheezing. Difficulty breathing, vomiting, difficulty swallowing and repeated respiratory infections.
Examine
Pulmonary artery hypoplasia
White blood cells can rise in respiratory infections.
1. Chest X-ray, tomography, chest CT scan and MRI may provide clues for diagnosis, such as right or left pulmonary artery dryness, such as increased lubricity of ipsilateral lung field, disappearance of hilar vascular shadow, abnormal left pulmonary artery The origin is characterized by paratracheal shadow and trachea, and the esophagus is displaced.
2. Pulmonary angiography is of great value in determining diagnosis, precise positioning, and planned surgery.
3. Bronchography can also help to understand the type of stenosis and obstruction.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of pulmonary dysplasia
Diagnosis can be made based on medical history and pulmonary angiography. Clinical needs are differentiated from pulmonary heart disease and congenital heart disease.
