Rickettsial pox
Introduction
Introduction to rickettspox Rickettsia pox is a varicella-like self-limiting infection caused by Rickettsiaakari. The main vector is the alloder-manyssussanguineus in gamades. It is characterized by fever, headache, back pain and systemic papules and blisters. Mainly popular in the United States and the former Soviet Union. In recent years, China has also discovered. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.004% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: rat, bite Complications: swelling
Cause
Rickettsia
(1) Causes of the disease
The small plant rickettsia belongs to the spotted heat rickettsia group, and its morphology is the same as that of other spots, the rickettsia, and the culture characteristics are similar. This pathogen can cause testicular meningitis to cause scrotum swelling and smallness. Schulck's corpuscle has a specific granular complement-bindingogen, and its soluble antigen partially cross-reacts with typhus typhus antibody.
(two) pathogenesis
After the disease is bitten by bloody red skin, the bacteria invade the human body, first in the local lymph nodes and mononuclear macrophage system, and then form a small spider rickettsial, causing damage to the small blood vessels and capillaries.
Prevention
Rickettpox prevention
Rickettsia is an animal epidemic involving residential pests (rats), which controls the storage of rodents and applies residual acaricides to the walls of the breeding grounds to control the cockroaches. No vaccine is available. Prevention is based on the prevention of rodent control and attention to personal protection.
Complication
Rickettsia acne complications Complications swelling
Patients may be damaged by scratching the skin, so they may be caused by skin bacterial infections or fungal infections, usually secondary to low constitution, or long-term use of immunosuppressive agents and fungal infections such as onychomycosis, such as concurrent Bacterial infections may have symptoms such as fever, swelling of the skin, ulceration, and purulent secretion. Severe cases can lead to sepsis, which should be brought to the attention of clinicians.
Symptom
Rickettsia acne symptoms common symptoms back pain rash rash blister herpes outside Fiji test negative scar
Because there is no pain, it is not noticed, but in the next week to 10 days, there will be a localized inflammatory reaction. At this time, the edema and the cellular components of the reaction will form a gradual increase in the hardness of the flush red pimples. The diameter can reach 1~1.5cm, and the affected skin gradually separates to form blisters. Finally, it is ulcerated by ulceration. The base of the ulcer is often black and the surrounding skin is red. This process lasts for 3 to 7 days, and then the fever starts to rise. There are chills, sweating, headache, back pain, and disharmony. The lymph nodes in the diverting area are also swollen, but there is no tenderness. If no specific antibiotics are given, the above syndrome can last for 1 week.
Like other rash heat diseases, it can also cause rash after 2 to 3 days of onset. It starts to be rashy, and the number is small. It mainly occurs in the trunk and abdomen. Palm and sputum are rare, and the damage develops rapidly and transforms into herpes. Damage, the blisters are at the top of the flushing red pimples, the above damage exists for about 1 week, the liquid in the blister is slowly absorbed, and a small sputum is formed. After the detachment, the skin leaves a light brown change, and will gradually disappear and will not scar. There is no obvious involvement of internal organs.
Examine
Examination of rickettspox
Taking a blister smear and performing immunofluorescence staining can make a rapid diagnosis, the external-fibe reaction is negative, and the white blood cell count is often reduced.
The understanding of pathological changes is limited to the skin, because it is not a fatal infection. The histological examination of eschar (bite) shows severe inflammation and necrosis. Other changes are similar to RMSF, such as thrombosis, capillary necrosis, edema, and single nucleus. Cellular perivascular infiltration and the like.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of rickettsia
diagnosis
The clinical manifestations are similar to those of chickenpox. The blister of rickettsia occurs on the papules. The whole batch occurs at the same time, unlike the chickenpox. The number is less than that of chickenpox. Before the rash, there is a sore at the bite. The incidence can be seen at any age. These characteristics can be differentiated from chickenpox for clinical diagnosis. Laboratory tests can be used for complement fixation test, but attention must be paid to cross-reaction with typhus rickettsia antigen. You can also use guinea pig or Mus musculus to isolate virus and take acne. The blister smear is subjected to immunofluorescence staining for rapid diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
The disease must be differentiated from chickenpox, typhoid fever, infectious mononucleosis and spot fever.
