Anterior tibial myxedema
Introduction
Introduction to sputum mucus edema Pretibial myxedema, also known as thyroid toxic mucinosis, is characterized by solid edema plaques or nodules with prominent boundaries before sputum, often accompanied by thyrotoxicosis. Clinical manifestations are that skin lesions are most common in the anterior tibial region and are often associated with hyperthyroidism and exophthalmia. Drumstick-like toes. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hyperthyroidism in the elderly
Cause
Causes of mucus edema before sputum
(1) Causes of the disease
At present, the disease is considered to be a manifestation of autoimmune diseases like the exophthalmos in hyperthyroidism. The evidence is as follows:
1. The disease is almost always accompanied by diffuse hyperthyroidism, which has been considered an autoimmune disease.
2. Hyperthyroidism in patients with hyperthyroidism, exophthalmos, mucus edema, and LATS (long-acting thyroid stimulating factor) may be found in serum.
3. LATS is also present in mucus edema fluid and biopsy specimens.
4. LATS participates in the activation of lymphocytes to promote the proliferation of fibroblasts to produce a large amount of mucin.
(two) pathogenesis
The specific pathogenesis remains to be further studied.
Prevention
Prevention of mucus edema before sputum
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Premalignant mucinous edema complications Complications, hyperthyroidism in the elderly
Often accompanied by hyperthyroidism and exophthalmia.
Symptom
Symptoms of mucus edema before sputum Common symptoms Edema, ocular eye itching, mucus secretion, soft tissue swelling, enlarged pores, front and foot hard...
Skin lesions are most common in the anterior region of the anterior sac, and can begin as one side. The extension then involves the extension of the two calves. It is mostly symmetrical. A few are also found in the hands, arms and face. Occasionally in the trunk, the damage is round, long round or Irregular round, swelled solid, pressurized, non-recessed plaque, clear border, waxy translucent to rose or reddish, sometimes with brown or brownish black, uneven surface, large pores can be orange peel Local sweating is often increased and the hair is thick and black, and the feeling of self can be accompanied by itching or anthill.
Often accompanied by hyperthyroidism and exophthalmia, thyroid extremity disease is not common, characterized by: finger (toe) bone and distal long periosteal hyperplasia, the soft tissue swelling, clinical manifestations of the drumstick-like toe.
Examine
Examination of mucus edema before sputum
Serum LATS titers increased, thyroid function tests (including basal metabolic rate, radioactivity 131I and T3) often suggest hyperthyroidism.
Histopathology: In the dermis, especially in the dermis, there is a large amount of mucin accumulation in the lower third of the dermis, so the dermis is thickened, mucin makes the collagen fiber bundles widely split, and the astigmatism activity in the mucin region is enhanced under electron microscope. Fibroblasts.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of mucus edema before sputum
According to the wax-like translucent plaque in the front of the sputum, the local bristles are thick and black, accompanied by hyperthyroidism, and the general diagnosis is not difficult.
This disease is generally not confused with other diseases.
