echovirus rash
Introduction
Introduction to Echo virus rash ECHO virus rash (ECHOviruseruption) is a rash disease caused by the ECHO virus. The disease is caused by human intestinal cytopathic orphan virus (ECHOvirus), which is actively small, 20 to 30 nm in diameter, and has 38 serotypes, which are often parasitic in the human intestine and spread through feces and oral secretions. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: fecal-mouth transmission Complications: meningitis
Cause
Echo virus rash
Causes:
The disease is caused by human intestinal cytopathic orphan virus (ECHO virus), which is actively small, 20 to 30 nm in diameter, and has 38 serotypes, which are often parasitic in the human intestine and spread through feces and oral secretions.
Pathogenesis:
Among the ECHO viruses that have been confirmed to cause rash, there are 1,2,4,5,8,9,14,16,18,23,30,32 types, of which type 4,9,16 causes pleomorphic rash.
Prevention
Echo virus rash prevention
Pay attention to personal hygiene, improve drinking water and food hygiene, avoid swimming in dirty water, strengthen environmental public health, kill fly, and inject gamma globulin in infants exposed to patients, which has certain preventive effects.
Complication
Echovirus rash complications Complications meningitis
A maculopapular rash can occur.
Symptom
Echo virus rash symptoms common symptoms nausea diarrhea meningitis maculopapular herpes
ECHO virus infection in children is clinically diverse, usually showing the following syndromes: meningitis, encephalitis and spastic diseases, myocarditis, pericarditis, herpetic angina, rash fever, gastroenteritis, respiratory infection, etc. The incubation period is 4 days. When you have a disease, you may have upper respiratory symptoms such as moderate fever, sore throat, runny nose, cough, etc., and gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and most of the rash appear during fever. The disease appears at the beginning of the disease or occurs 1 to 2 days after the onset of the disease. It can also cause a rash after heat retreat. Similar to the child's acute rash, the rash is pleomorphic, the number distribution is uncertain, and the rubella-like red maculopapular rash is common. Colorless sunburn after regression, often appear in the face and neck, limbs, trunk, even wave and palmar, ECHO-9 is a hemorrhagic purpura-like rash, ECHO-9,16 grayish white mucosa in the buccal mucosa, after breaking It is an ulcer, ECHO-16 type, which can have umbilical follicular blister, and small ulcers can be seen in the oral mucosa. The disease has more incidence in summer and autumn, mainly in children, and one can cause many diseases.
The disease is complicated and misdiagnosed. The diagnosis should be based on the typical clinical syndrome. The same ECHO virus can be repeatedly isolated from the throat swab and feces. The cerebrospinal fluid, pleural effusion, bone marrow, blister fluid, and blood can all be separated. Virus, the recovery of specific IgM antibody titer in serum 3 to 4 weeks after the recovery period has a diagnostic value, generally using neutralization test or immunofluorescence detection, a variety of mixed multivalent serum is fast and sensitive.
Examine
Echo virus rash check
1. Virus isolation: Most Echoviruses can be isolated from monkey kidney cells, such as the addition of human embryonic lung cell lines W1 to 38.
2. Serological examination: The serum antibody titer in the recovery period is 4 times higher than the acute phase. The neutralization experiment is the most commonly used virus identification method. Some serotypes are 3, 6, 7, 11 to 15, 19 The ~21,24,29 type can be diagnosed by hemagglutination inhibition test, and the detection of viral RNA by polymerase chain reaction is a rapid and sensitive method.
3. Neutralization test or immunofluorescence detection, a variety of mixed multivalent serum is fast and sensitive.
Diagnosis
Echo virus rash diagnosis
Diagnostic points:
1. Epidemiological data is popular in summer and autumn, with more children, and many people in the family have a reference significance. The data that is popular in the near future is especially valuable in diagnosis.
2. Clinical features Some characteristic clinical manifestations, such as aseptic meningitis, rash fever, etc. are valuable for assisting diagnosis.
3. Virology and serological examination The virus can be inoculated into monkey kidney or human embryo lung cells by blood, cerebrospinal fluid, herpes liquid, etc., and serological examination is only required when the echovirus is isolated in the feces or pharynx of the patient. Judgment is made because such viruses are often found in the intestines of healthy people.
Differential diagnosis
Should be identified with measles, rubella, scarlet fever, infantile acute rash, foot and mouth disease, etc., according to epidemiology, typical syndrome and virus culture separation.
1. Rubella: mainly occurs in infants, characterized by ear, suboccipital lymph nodes, tenderness, and Echovirus infection is summer, no itching, no post-neck and post-auricular lymphadenopathy.
2. Rotavirus and pathogenic Escherichia coli diarrhea: Rotavirus diarrhea occurs in autumn, in winter, it is more obvious with Escherichia coli caused by diarrhea dehydration symptoms, Echo virus infection is more common in infants, Diarrhea is the main symptom, and there is usually no dehydration. The diagnosis depends on etiology and serology.
