Bone malignant lymphoma
Introduction
Introduction to bone malignant lymphoma Bone lymphoma refers to malignant lymphoma that invades bone tissue. Bone lymphoma can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary lymphoma of primary lymphoma (primarylymphomaofbone) refers to lymphoma originating in the bone. It is very difficult to strictly distinguish whether the bone lymphoma is primary or secondary. In recent years, reports of AIDS-induced bone lymphoma have increased, but Most are caused by the spread of systemic lymphoma, and the prognosis is relatively poor. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: fracture
Cause
Cause of bone malignant lymphoma
The tumor surface is grayish white, granular, soft, such as lymph nodes, often invading soft tissues and muscles.
Microscopically homogeneous, containing a large number of round cells (ie reticulocytes), lymphocytes and lymphoblasts, and divided into small leaflets by reticulated fibers. Special staining can show the network structure of reticulated fibers. Larger, but empty vesicle-like, nuclear membrane invagination wrinkles; cytoplasm rich red staining, clear boundaries; visible mitosis, sometimes visible Sternberg cells (ie mirror cells), malignant lymphoma originating from soft tissue often can be divided There are many subtypes, and the original ones are mostly mixed or cannot be separated.
When there are more lymphocytes, it may be misdiagnosed as osteomyelitis, or it may be confused with histiocytosis, but the latter lacks malignant manifestations.
Prevention
Bone malignant lymphoma prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Bone malignant lymphoma complications Complications
Often complicated by the incidence of fractures and nerves, spinal cord injury.
Symptom
Symptoms of bone malignant lymphoma Common symptoms Weight loss, weakness, bone pain, fever
Bone lymphoma can be single or multiple bone invasion at the same time. The most common site is the mandible. The following are femur, pelvic bone, spine, tibia, and tibia.
The patient has a slow onset. The most common symptom is pain. The early stage is mild. It can be gradually aggravated as the disease progresses. After the soft tissue mass is formed, there is swelling. The soft tissue mass can be touched locally. The skin temperature is high, and the tenderness is obvious. General characteristics, because early symptoms are mild, some patients only see a pathological fracture, some patients have more obvious systemic symptoms such as fever, weakness, weight loss, a significant weight loss in a short period of time.
Examine
Examination of bone malignant lymphoma
Some patients may have anemia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and increased blood alkaline phosphatase in most patients.
1. Imaging examination
X-ray plain film can be seen on a wide range of osteolytic destruction, showing a worm-like or spotted translucent area, which may be accompanied by sclerosis, unclear borders, and gradually disappear in normal bone. Soft tissue masses can be seen after cortical perforation.
Pathological fractures are more common in bone lymphomas, and sometimes are the main causes of patient visits, including pathological fractures of long bones and vertebral compression fractures.
2. Radionuclide scanning
Like other bone tumors, the radionuclide 99Tc scan is a more sensitive method for diagnosing lesions. It can detect lesions 3 months earlier than X-ray films. The disadvantage is that the false positive rate is high and cannot be characterized. Someone used 67Ca for bone scan. This kind of bone scan can help the diagnosis of bone lymphoma.
3.CT and MRI
CT and MRI for the diagnosis of lymphoma can better show the size, extent and bone destruction of the tumor mass. MRI shows that the lymphoma usually sees a homogeneous tumor, and the nodule formation can also be seen. Patients should consider CT or MRI in the abdomen and chest, which is of great significance for the staging of lymphoma.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of bone malignant lymphoma
It must be diagnosed by histological examination, and should be distinguished from Ewing sarcoma, carefully search for other lesions and bone marrow puncture, and special blood smear examination to exclude leukemia. If necessary, perform lymphography and other parts of CT to exclude lymphatic system. Originator.
This disease is generally not confused with other diseases.
