hiccup
Introduction
Introduction to Hiccup Hiccup is a clonic involuntary contracture of the auxiliary respiratory muscles such as the diaphragm and the intercostal muscle. The ablation of the portal is suddenly blocked, and the air quickly flows into the trachea to emit a specific sound. Hiccups frequently or lasting for more than 24 hours, called refractory hiccups, occur in some diseases. Healthy people can have a transient hiccup, mostly related to diet, especially eating too fast, too full, eating very hot or cold food drinks, drinking, drinking carbonated drinks, etc., external temperature changes and excessive smoking can also cause. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.013% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: gastrointestinal dysfunction
Cause
Cause of hiccup
According to the cause of the lesion, it is divided into:
Central lesions (30%):
The anti-retroreflection arc is ineffective, and the most important part of the organic lesion is cerebral tumor, cerebrovascular accident, encephalitis, meningitis, metabolic disease, uremia, alcoholism, and other such as multiple sclerosis.
Peripheral lesions (28%):
The reversing arc is stimulated by the centripetal path. The stimulation of the radial nerve includes mediastinal tumor, esophagitis, esophageal cancer, thoracic aortic aneurysm, etc., periorbital lesions such as pneumonia, pleurisy, pericarditis, myocardial infarction, subgingival abscess, hiatal hernia. Etc., vagus nerve stimulation has gastric dilatation, gastritis, stomach cancer, pancreatitis and so on.
Other (20%):
Drugs, generalized paralysis, post-operative, mental factors, etc., inner ear and prostate lesions can also cause hiccups.
Prevention
Hiccup prevention
1. Prevention of inflammation and tumors in various parts of the body. Central nervous system diseases and digestive diseases are the basic measures to prevent this disease.
2. Avoid drinking a lot of carbonated drinks. The carbon compounds in soda water contain air, and when this air enters the stomach, it produces a lot of gas, which causes hiccups. Eating should be slow and slow, and the slower it is, the harder it is to get into the stomach.
3. Avoid excessive consumption of foods that are prone to gas. Such as onions, milk, ice cream, alcoholic beverages, mint and chocolate.
Complication
Hiccup complications Complications gastrointestinal dysfunction
Inflammation and tumors in various parts of the body, central nervous system diseases, digestive diseases.
Symptom
Hiccup Symptoms Common Symptoms Hernia Exhaust Disorder Abdominal Discomfort Rebellious Refractory Hiccups Stomach
1. Systemic and neurological manifestations: pay attention to the presence of vital signs, local signs and meningeal irritation.
2. Local manifestations: head and neck, chest, abdominal signs, inflammation of various parts and the presence or absence of tumors.
Examine
Hiccup check
1. X-ray fluoroscopy of the site and organs, filming and contrast, CT or B-mode ultrasound.
2. routine tests of hematuria.
3. Clinical biochemistry: including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, blood sugar, liver function, amylase, electrolytes, etc.
4. Electrophysiology: including electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, and phrenic nerve conduction velocity.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of hiccup
The hiccup of the hiccup disease must be identified with symptoms such as hernia and retching.
Helium is different from short-sounding vocal hiccups. The suffocating sound is long, and the gas is reversed from the stomach; the hiccup sound is short and frequent, and its sound is sent to the throat.
Those who retire, the patient is vomiting, but there is no sound, or only a small amount of foam and no food spit. The retching is generally characterized by food stagnation, liver stagnation, stomach deficiency and cold type, stomach cold type, stomach deficiency type, and stomach type.
