oligospermia
Introduction
Introduction to oligozoospermia Less azoospermia refers to a disease in which the number of sperm in semen is lower than that of a normal fertile man. The International Health Organization stipulates that men have less than 20 million sperm, more than 10 million, called mild oligozoospermia. Less than 10 million, more than 5 million, called moderate, if less than 5 million is called severe oligozoospermia, if only a few sperm can be found in high power field, or few sperm can be seen after centrifugation It is called severe oligozoospermia. basic knowledge Proportion of disease: male incidence rate is about 0.01% - 0.04% Susceptible people: male Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: male infertility
Cause
Cause of oligozoospermia
Varicocele (5%):
When the varicocele is varicose, the local temperature of the testis is increased, and the vasoactive substances are increased, thereby affecting the testicular spermatogenesis, but the degree of varicocele is not proportional to the sperm quality.
Cryptorchidism (35%):
Cryptorchidism refers to the testicles not falling to the scrotum, including testicular insufficiency and testicular ectopic. The vast majority of clinical cryptorchidism is incomplete testicular decline. Cryptorchidism is one of the important reasons for the quality of semen. About 60% of unilateral cryptorchidism is infertile. Therefore, if the sperm density is low and cryptorchidism exists, it must be treated early.
Endocrine factors (25%):
Human endocrine disorders, especially the hypothalamic, pituitary, testicular gland axis, systemic dysfunction, resulting in testicular spermatogenic dysfunction, it will show less sperm, even azoospermia, such as hypogonadism, can appear Small testicles, male male characteristics are very poor, for example, increased prolactin can also cause oligozoospermia, such as thyroid disease, diabetes, etc., but also has a great impact on the number of sperm.
Infection factor (10%):
Both specific and non-specific infections of the reproductive system can affect the occurrence of sperm, such as common prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, epididymitis, epididymal tuberculosis, etc., can cause changes in the composition of semen, resulting in the number of sperm Reduce, or increase the number of abnormal sperm,
Environmental factors (5%):
The nature of work contact with the environment, such as under radiation, the nature of work and exposure to toxic things, or high temperatures also cause more sperm counts to die, and the number declines.
Prevention
Prevention of oligozoospermia
The following foods are added to daily life: such as squid, loach, squid, octopus, squid, sea cucumber, cuttlefish, snail, followed by yam, ginkgo, frozen tofu, tofu skin, because these foods contain high lysine, which is sperm formation. The essential ingredients, in addition, zinc deficiency in the body can also reduce libido, sperm reduction, in these cases, should eat more foods containing high levels of zinc, the amount of zinc per 100 grams of food: oyster 100 mg, chicken 3 MG, egg 3 mg, chicken liver 2.4 mg, peanut 2.9 mg, pork 2.9 mg, when eating these foods, be careful not to drink too much, so as not to affect the absorption of zinc, if it is severely zinc deficiency, it is best to take acetic acid daily. 50 mg of zinc, the body's zinc content is measured regularly.
Fertility experts point out that low sperm quality is one of the main causes of male infertility, but this condition is permanent, while others are temporary, causing temporary sperm quality is not high for many reasons, including Sexually transmitted diseases, alcoholism, smoking, overload work, high temperature environment, tight underwear, insomnia, work and emotional stress, etc., patients can improve sperm quality through a healthy lifestyle.
Nutritionists point out that many plants and healthy foods help increase sperm count and improve sperm quality. Fresh dark green juice extracted from pumpkin leaves is diluted with the same amount of fresh milk, and a cup can have a strong nourishing effect every day. It helps men increase their sexual desire, improve sperm quality and restore fertility.
Complication
Complications of oligozoospermia Complications, male infertility
This disease is easy to cause infertility.
Symptom
Symptoms of oligozoospermia Common symptoms Tinnitus death sperm excessive sperm rare dizziness sperm survival rate low semen thin semen with blood semen thick fatigue nails wide and short (wide...
Shenpi fatigue, waist and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, apathy and other symptoms, can also be without any symptoms, but their common performance is long-term infertility after marriage, the number of semen routine sperm is less than 20 × 10 9 / L.
Examine
Examination of oligozoospermia
1. Asking male friends about medical history, Hog examination and other laboratory-assisted examinations (genetic examination, endocrine hormone determination, microbiological examination, anti-sperm antibody, trace element determination, etc.). Most of the causes of oligozoospermia were found. . When semen is analyzed for sperm and accompanied by a disease causing less sperm, it can be diagnosed as secondary oligozoospermia.
2, male friends after 3 to 7 days of abstinence, routine analysis of semen more than 3 times, sperm density is less than 20 million and can not find any cause, can be considered as idiopathic oligozoospermia. When the sperm density is l × 106 / mL, it can be diagnosed as severe oligozoospermia.
3, physical examination and medical history to determine whether there are cryptorchidism and varicocele.
4, immunological examination can determine whether there is autoimmune, karyotype analysis can determine whether there is a chromosomal abnormality. Determination of serum FSH, LH, T, PRL is also an important method for oligozoospermia examination. If FSH and LH are lower than normal, it is secondary oligozoospermia, and PRL is elevated to oligozoospermia caused by hyperprolactinemia.
5, frequent urination, urgency, urinary pain and urinary tract burning sensation and purulent discharge outside the urethra, urine examination of increased pus cells, prostatic fluid examination of white blood cells greater than 10 / HP and urine culture can be determined to have reproductive system inflammation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of oligozoospermia
Identification with azoospermia and spermatozoa:
1. Azoospermia: Three sperm tests did not find sperm in azoospermia, and azoospermia was divided into two types: "congenital azoospermia" and "obstructive azoospermia". The former refers to testicular spermatogenic cell atrophy. , degeneration, can not produce sperm; the latter refers to the testicle can produce sperm, but the vas deferens are blocked and can not discharge sperm.
2. Dead sperm disease: The sperm survival rate in semen is reduced. In the semen examination, more than 40% of the dead sperm are found to be dead sperm, also known as dead sperm, but due to improper inspection methods or not collecting semen according to normal methods, The increase in dead sperm caused by man-made, called suspended sperm, must be identified.
