sublingual gland cyst
Introduction
Introduction to sublingual cyst The sublingual cyst is a cyst formed by obstruction of sputum in the sublingual gland duct. The cyst is located under the mucosa on the side of the mouth, showing a light blue mass, a thin wall and a soft texture. Larger sublingual cysts can penetrate into the infraorbital region of the mandibular lingual muscles, and can also affect the contralateral orbital floor. Occurs in children and adolescents. It is currently believed that the expansion of the distal portion of the catheter and the rupture of the catheter and the leakage of the surrounding tissue around the human body are the main factors for the formation of cysts. There are two causes of sublingual cyst: one is due to the blockage of the distal end of the gland duct, and the mucous membrane is continuously secreted, causing the proximal end to expand to form an epithelial cyst, which is called a retention cyst; the other is due to glandular damage. Mucus leakage into the interstitial space, forming a cyst without epithelial lining, called extravasation cyst, mucus cysts from mung bean size to broad bean size, sublingual gland sac fat can even be larger, cyst to pale brown, suffering After rupture, the egg white-like brownish mucus is discharged, and repeated damage often causes local induration, and the surface mucosa is white. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.025% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sublingual nerve injury
Cause
Cause of sublingual cyst
Sublingual gland duct blockage (40%):
Because the distal end of the gland duct is blocked, and the mucous membrane is continuously secreted, the proximal end is expanded to form an epithelial cyst, which is called a sublingual cyst. There are injuries, parotid stones, and inflammatory irritation at the bottom of the mouth. The cyst is located at the bottom of the mouth and is light blue in color. It is usually a 1 cm diameter cyst, but it also has a swollen cyst.
Sublingual glandular lesion (30%):
The other is due to glandular damage, mucus leakage into the interstitial space, forming a cyst without epithelial lining. Extravasation cysts have a history of obvious trauma, do not involve the cortical bone, do not cause facial uplift deformity, often found because of pain, tooth extraction, X-ray examination.
Pathogenesis:
Mucus cysts range from mung bean size to broad bean size. Sublingual gland sacs can even be larger. The cysts are light brownish brown. After the rupture, the egg white-like brownish mucus flows out. Repeated damage often causes local induration and surface mucosa is white. .
Prevention
Sublingual cyst prevention
1. Pay attention to details in life. Pay attention to safety and prevent facial damage.
2, in dental treatment, such as tooth extraction, etc., must pay attention to prevent secondary infections, etc., to prevent the occurrence of parotid diseases.
3, pay attention to diet, should eat a light nutritious diet, avoid or eat less irritating food, reduce ulcers, oral inflammation.
Complication
Sublingual cystic complications Complications sublingual nerve injury
Larger sublingual cyst can penetrate the mandibular lingual muscle into the lower area, and can also affect the contralateral orbital. In addition, when the sublingual cyst is secondary to infection, it may cause swelling and pain at the bottom of the mouth, which affects eating. It is common. Complications of sublingual cysts. Can also be complicated by sublingual nerve damage.
Symptom
Symptoms of sublingual cysts Common symptoms Trauma secondary infection cysts Tongue nipple hyperplasia Tongue hypertrophy
Symptom typing
1 simple type: the majority, the cyst is located in the sublingual area, is light purple blue, soft and fluctuating, often located on the side of the mouth, larger cysts can lift the tongue, like "heavy tongue" After the cyst ruptured due to trauma, the viscous and slightly yellowish or egg-like liquid flowed out, the cyst disappeared temporarily, and the window healed after the summer, and the cyst grew as before.
2 mouth appearance: also known as latent protrusion type, mainly as a submandibular area tumor, while the fundus cyst is not obvious, palpation is soft, no adhesion to the skin, incompressible.
3 dumbbell type: for the above two types of mixing, that is, cystic mass can be seen in the sublingual area of the mouth and the mandibular area outside the mouth.
Examine
Examination of sublingual cyst
Puncture contents examination, sublingual cysts can extract viscous liquid, can be diagnosed by distinguishing cystic fluid traits. The sublingual gland cyst has a pale yellow or light red color, and the liquid is viscous and can be drawn. Generally, the cystic fluid of the initial puncture examination is mostly pale yellow egg-like. The case of recurrence and the history of puncture examination may be light red, but the fluidity of the cystic fluid is unchanged.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of sublingual cyst
diagnosis
Diagnostic points:
1. Occurs in children and adolescents.
2. The cyst is located under the mucosa on the side of the mouth, showing a light blue mass, a thin wall and a soft texture.
3. Larger sublingual cysts can be worn through the mandibular lingual muscles into the lower area, or the opposite side of the mouth.
4. The cyst can be ruptured by trauma, and the viscous egg-like liquid flows out. The cyst disappears temporarily. After a few days, the wound healing cyst grows as before.
5. When the cyst is secondary to infection, there may be swelling and pain at the bottom of the mouth, which may affect eating.
6. Should be identified with the bottom of the hemangioma, lymphangioma, dermoid cyst, mainly relying on puncture contents examination, sublingual cyst can extract viscous liquid.
Differential diagnosis
Should be differentiated from the bottom of the hemangioma, lymphangioma, and dermoid cyst.
