Submandibular space infection
Introduction
Introduction to submandibular space infection Submandibular space infection refers to acute suppurative infection in the submandibular space. The main clinical manifestations include fullness of the submandibular area, swollen lymph nodes, and tenderness. The submaxillary space forms a wide range of abscesses, and the abscess is large. If the cellulitis caused by lymphadenitis, the abscess can be confined to one or several lymph nodes, the lymph node of the abscess must be formed separately when the incision is made. Can achieve the purpose of drainage. Most of the submandibular space infections are early manifestations of submandibular lymphadenitis. The clinical manifestations are fullness of the submandibular area, examination of lymph nodes with clear boundaries, tenderness, and suppuration of submandibular lymphadenitis to form cellulitis. The clinical manifestations of submandibular space cellulitis are swelling of the submandibular triangle, the contour of the lower edge of the mandible disappears, the skin is tense, tender, and there is depression edema under the pressure. After the abscess is formed, the skin in the central area is congested and can be touched with obvious fluctuations. Because of the continuous sublingual space, the infection is easy to spread to the sublingual space. At this time, it may be accompanied by swelling of the mouth and mouth, pain of the tongue, and discomfort of swallowing. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: submandibular space infection
Cause
Cause of submandibular space infection
The submandibular space is located in the submandibular triangle. The gap contains the submandibular gland, the submandibular lymph node, and the external maxillary artery, the anterior vein, the lingual nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve. The gap passes up the posterior border of the mandibular ligament. Adjacent to the sublingual space; posteriorly adjacent to the lower mandibular space, parapharyngeal space; forward through the inferior tibiofibular space; down the loose connective tissue and the carotid triangle and the anterior cervical space, so the submandibular space infection can spread Multiple gap infections at the mouth. More common in the mandibular wisdom tooth pericoronitis, mandibular apical periodontitis, alveolar abscess and other odontogenic inflammation, followed by the spread of submandibular lymphadenitis, suppurative submandibular gland inflammation can also be secondary to submandibular space infection.
Prevention
Prevention of submandibular space infection
Prevent the spread of odontogenic inflammation such as mandibular wisdom tooth pericoronitis, mandibular posterior apical periodontitis, alveolar abscess, followed by the spread of submandibular lymphadenitis, and actively treat suppurative submandibular gland inflammation to avoid secondary submandibular space infection.
Complication
Submaxillary space infection complications Complications of the submandibular space infected with parotid mixed tumor
With varying degrees of systemic symptoms, such as elevated body temperature, leukocytosis.
Symptom
Symptoms of submandibular space infection Common symptoms Congestive edema abscess molars swollen cellulitis cellulitis leukocytosis purulent secretion tension
Most of the submandibular space infections are early manifestations of submandibular lymphadenitis. The clinical manifestations are fullness of the submandibular area, examination of lymph nodes with clear boundaries, tenderness, and suppuration of submandibular lymphadenitis to form cellulitis. The clinical manifestations of submandibular space cellulitis are swelling of the submandibular triangle, the contour of the lower edge of the mandible disappears, the skin is tense, tender, and there is depression edema under the pressure. After the abscess is formed, the skin in the central area is congested and can be touched with obvious fluctuations. Because of the continuous sublingual space, the infection is easy to spread to the sublingual space. At this time, it may be accompanied by swelling of the mouth and mouth, pain of the tongue, and discomfort of swallowing.
Examine
Examination of submandibular space infection
Visual inspection: visual inspection revealed that the contour of the lower edge of the mandible often disappeared due to swelling.
Palpation: Fluctuation when palpation.
Puncture examination: puncture has pus.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of submandibular space infection
diagnosis
1. History Adults have suppurative apical periodontitis of the mandibular molar, history of pericarditis of the mandibular wisdom tooth, infants, children can often ask for a history of submaxillary lymphadenitis with upper respiratory tract infection.
2. Clinical manifestations of inflammatory redness and tenderness in the submandibular triangle, the initial manifestation of inflammatory infiltrates, tenderness; jumping pain during the suppuration, fluctuations, skin flushing; puncture easy to withdraw pus, patients have different degrees of body temperature Increased, leukocytosis and other systemic manifestations.
3. Differential diagnosis of acute suppurative submandibular gland inflammation, often on the basis of chronic submandibular gland inflammation, it has the submandibular triangle redness and tenderness and elevated body temperature, increased acute inflammatory signs of white blood cells, but does not form submandibular abscess There is also a sublingual meat lobe area, the submandibular gland duct is red and swollen, and there is a purulent discharge under the jaw under the jaw. The X-ray mouth bottom bite can find submandibular gland duct stones.
Differential diagnosis
Acute suppurative submandibular gland inflammation, often on the basis of chronic submandibular gland inflammation, it has manifested in the submandibular triangle redness and tenderness and elevated body temperature, increased acute inflammation signs of white blood cells, but more than submaxillary abscess, and suffering In the lateral sublingual area, the submandibular gland is red and swollen, and there is a purulent discharge under the jaw from the catheter mouth. Most of the submandibular glands can be found in the X-ray.
