congenital deafness
Introduction
Introduction to congenital deafness Congenital deafness is a deafness that exists after birth. It can be divided into hereditary and non-hereditary; it is mainly autosomal recessive, accounting for more than 75%, non-hereditous congenital deafness accounts for about 20%, hereditary Deafness is divided into two categories: nonsyndromic and syndromic, accounting for 80% and 20%, respectively. There is also a type of deafness caused by mitochondrial disease. Non-hereditary deafness can be caused by congenital infections, metabolic factors of pregnant women. There are many reasons for convulsions, pathogenesis and pathological changes are complex and different, so there is no drug or therapy that is simple and effective and suitable for any situation. At present, at the same time to eliminate or treat the cause of the disease, as soon as possible to select drugs that can expand the inner ear blood vessels, drugs that reduce blood viscosity and dissolve small blood clots, vitamin B family drugs, energy preparations, if necessary, anti-bacterial, anti-viral And steroid hormones. Hearing aids can be used in patients who have no medical treatment. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible population: newborn Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hearing impairment, sudden deafness, deafness
Cause
Congenital deafness
(1) Hereditary sputum: refers to sensorineural hearing loss caused by genetic or chromosomal abnormalities.
(2) non-hereditary sputum: early pregnancy mothers suffering from rubella, mumps, flu and other viral infections, or syphilis, diabetes, nephritis, sepsis, cretinism and other systemic diseases, or a large number of application of ototoxic drugs can make the fetus Deafness, mother and child blood Rh factor, bogey, long labor during childbirth, dystocia, fetal injury caused by hypoxia and suffocation can also cause paralysis.
Prevention
Congenital deafness prevention
1. Extensive publicity to prevent close relatives from marrying, actively prevent and cure diseases during pregnancy, reduce birth injuries, detect infantile deafness early, and treat as early as possible or as early as possible.
2. Improve living standards, prevent and treat infectious diseases, exercise the body, ensure physical and mental health, and slow down the aging process.
3. Strictly grasp the indications for the application of ototoxic drugs, minimize the dosage and course of treatment, especially those with a history of family drug poisoning, renal insufficiency, pregnant women, infants and existing deafness should be more cautious, always know during the medication And check the hearing, and found that there are signs of poisoning as soon as possible to stop treatment.
4. Avoid cranial injury, minimize contact with harmful physical factors such as strong noise and chemical substances, and contact with tobacco and alcohol. If necessary, strengthen protective measures.
Complication
Congenital deafness complications Complications, hearing loss, sudden deafness, deafness
Once congenital deafness is discovered, it should be actively treated early. If the treatment is not timely, it will eventually lead to loss of language ability.
Symptom
Congenital deafness symptoms Common symptoms Hearing threshold rises the ear, central deafness, hearing loss, hearing loss
Hearing impairments that existed at birth or shortly after birth are usually divided into two broad categories:
(1) Hereditary deafness: Deafness caused by a deafness gene located on a sex chromosome, called a hereditary hernia. Autosomal hereditary hernias can manifest as a variety of bone labyrinth and/or membrane labyrinth abnormalities without associated deformities, and with the heart, kidneys, nervous system, maxillofacial and skeletal systems, metabolic endocrine systems, skin and visual devices, etc. Many syndromes of organ deformity.
(2) Non-hereditary deafness: In the early pregnancy, mothers suffer from viral infections such as rubella, mumps, flu, or systemic diseases such as syphilis, diabetes, nephritis, sepsis, cretinism, or a large number of ototoxic drugs. deaf. The Rh factor of the mother and child are contraindicated, and the labor is too long, the dystocia, and the birth injury cause fetal hypoxia and suffocation.
Examine
Congenital deafness examination
Comprehensive and systematic collection of medical history, detailed ear and nose examination, strict auditory function, vestibular function and eustachian tube function testing, necessary imaging and whole body examination are the basis for diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and objective comprehensive analysis is the premise .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of congenital deafness
It should be differentiated from deafness caused by other congenital diseases, and hereditary deafness and non-hereditary deafness should also be identified.
