pink eye
Introduction
Introduction to pink eye disease Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis (acutecatarrhal conjunctivitis), commonly known as "red eye" or "fire eye", is a common acute epidemic eye disease caused by bacterial infection. Its main feature is that the conjunctiva is obviously congested, purulent or mucopurulent secretions, and has a tendency to heal itself. Common pathogens are pneumococci kochweeks, influenza bacillus, staphylococcus aureus and streptococci, the latter two bacteria can usually parasitize in the conjunctival sac, do not cause conjunctivitis, but in other conjunctival lesions And when the local or systemic resistance is reduced, it can sometimes cause the onset of acute conjunctivitis. The bacteria can directly contact the conjunctiva through various media, and spread rapidly in public places, collective units such as kindergartens, schools and homes, leading to epidemics, especially in In the spring and autumn, various respiratory diseases such as flu and rhinitis are prevalent, and conjunctivitis pathogens may be transmitted through respiratory secretions. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.5% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: contact spread Complications: conjunctivitis
Cause
Cause of pink eye disease
Cause:
Common pathogens are pneumococci kochweeks, influenza bacillus, staphylococcus aureus and streptococci, the latter two bacteria can usually parasitize in the conjunctival sac, do not cause conjunctivitis, but in other conjunctival lesions And when the local or systemic resistance is reduced, it can sometimes cause the onset of acute conjunctivitis. The bacteria can directly contact the conjunctiva through various media, and spread rapidly in public places, collective units such as kindergartens, schools and homes, leading to epidemics, especially in In the spring and autumn, various respiratory diseases such as flu and rhinitis are prevalent, and conjunctivitis pathogens may be transmitted through respiratory secretions.
Prevention
Red eye prevention
Prevention of pink eye
It is said that pink eye disease is acute catarrhal conjunctivitis, and its transmission route is mainly through contact infection. It is often contagious by touching the patient's eye secretions or objects that have been stained with tears (such as towels, handkerchiefs, washbasins, water, etc.), shaking hands with red-eyed patients or rubbing their eyes with dirty hands, eventually causing the prevalence of pink eye. In summer and autumn, due to the hot weather, bacteria are easy to grow and breed, and it is very easy to cause a pandemic. Since we know the main route of transmission of pink eye disease, it can completely prevent and prevent the epidemic.
(1) If red eye disease is found, it should be isolated in time. All utensils should be used separately. It is best to wash and dry before use.
(2) In addition to active treatment, patients with pink eye should be less active in public places, do not use shared towels, washbasins, etc. Some people think that if you look at a red-eyed patient, you will get red eye disease. This is scientifically unreasonable. At present, it will only be affected by direct or indirect contact.
Dietary principles:
1) If the patient's wind is heavy, the food should be eaten by the wind, supplemented by heat, and can be washed or taken with the plantain and mint leaf decoction.
2) If the heat is heavy due to the wind, the diet should be mainly heat-clearing, supplemented by scattered wind.
3) If the patient is both hot and cold, eat more foods that have heat, dampness, and detoxification effects, such as Malan head, loquat leaf, melon, bitter gourd, mung bean, alfalfa, banana, watermelon, etc.
4) Avoid green onions, leeks, garlic, peppers, lamb, dog meat and other spicy, heat-stimulating foods, it is best not to eat fish, squid, shrimp, crab and other jellyfish.
Complication
Red eye disease complications Complications conjunctivitis
Patients with severe disease may have subconjunctival hemorrhage, pneumococcal, Haemophilus influenzae type III (Koch-Weeks bacillus) conjunctivitis, can be covered with a layer of pseudomembrane on the surface of the conjunctiva, Haemophilus influenzae type III infection May be complicated by marginal corneal infiltration or ulceration.
Symptom
Symptoms of pink eye common symptoms, tears, dizziness, increased scale, edema, congestion, red eye, double eye, purulent discharge
Consciously suffering from eye irritation such as foreign body sensation, severe eyelids and heavy, tears and burning sensation, sometimes due to secretions attached to the pupil area of the cornea surface, resulting in temporary blurred vision, can restore vision after washing, due to inflammatory irritation A large amount of mucopurulent secretions are produced. When the patient wakes up in the morning, they will notice that the upper and lower jaws are secreted by the secretions. When the lesions invade the cornea, the symptoms such as photophobia, pain and visual loss are obviously aggravated. A few patients can have the upper respiratory tract at the same time. Infection or other systemic symptoms.
At the time of examination, the eyelids were swollen, and the conjunctiva was seen to be connected with the secretions. When the lesion invaded the cornea, the symptoms such as photophobia, pain and vision loss were significantly aggravated. A few patients may be accompanied by upper respiratory tract infection or other systemic symptoms.
Examine
Red eye examination
According to clinical manifestations, secretion smears or conjunctival scrapings can be diagnosed, conjunctival scrapings and secretion smears can be stained by Gram and Gimsa, and a large number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bacteria can be found under the microscope for clear etiology and guidance. For patients with large purulent secretions, children and infants with severe conjunctivitis, and those with ineffective treatment, bacterial culture and drug susceptibility tests should be carried out. Blood culture should also be carried out with systemic symptoms.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of pink eye disease
diagnosis
At the time of examination, the eyelids were swollen, and the conjunctival hyperemia was bright red. The conjunctiva of the ankle and the iliac crest was the most prominent. The surface of the severe conjunctiva could be covered with a layer of pseudomembrane that was easy to collapse, so it was also called pseudomembranous conjunctivitis. Congestion and edema, loss of transparency, corneal and conjunctival surface, sacral margin and other parts with mucus or purulent secretions. If it is kochweeks or pneumococcal infection, conjunctival hyperemia and edema may occur with scattered small spots Hemorrhage, corneal complication is mainly caused by kochweeks bacillus, manifested as catarrhal corneal edge infiltration or ulceration, the lesion begins with a shallow punctate corneal infiltration, located in the inner side of the limbus, after infiltration and fusion, forming a shallow arch ulcer, healed After the cloud can be left behind.
Generally speaking, on the 3rd to 4th day of onset, the condition will reach a climax, and then gradually reduce, and it will be cured about 10 to 14 days. The infection is caused by kochweeks and pneumococcal infection, sometimes accompanied by systemic symptoms such as body temperature rise. High and general malaise, the duration of the disease lasts about 2 to 4 weeks, and the disease often occurs at the same time or at intervals of 1 to 2 days.
Differential diagnosis
1. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)
Small-scale epidemic or sporadic cases of acute epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) should be differentiated from adenovirus-induced epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC).
The main symptoms of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis are:
1 The incubation period is longer, usually 5 to 7 days, while AHC is 1 day.
Conjunctivitis reaches a peak a few hours after the onset of 2AHC, and the course of disease does not exceed 1 week. The disease reached a peak several days after the onset of illness and lasted for 2 to 3 weeks.
3 Early subconjunctival hemorrhage in AHC is characteristic, but rare in EKC.
4 Follicular deposition on the conjunctiva is common in EKC, and the corneal epithelial ecchymosis often remains after the conjunctivitis subsides. Transient keratitis can occur in AHC without sequelae.
2. Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis
(1) Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis is characterized by obvious conjunctival hyperemia, with the iliac crest and palpebral conjunctiva as the weight.
(2) Conjunctival secretions are many, early serous, and then become mucopurulent, often make the upper and lower eyelids eyelashes stick together, smear or culture can detect bacteria. Antibacterial treatment is effective.
3. Swimming pool conjunctivitis (including body conjunctivitis)
(1) caused by a strain of Chlamydia trachomatis. The patient had a history of swimming in the public swimming pool, the conjunctiva was highly congested, with significant nipple hypertrophy and follicular hyperplasia, and the follicular portion below the follicle was particularly prominent.
(2) There are more secretions in the early stage, which may have systemic symptoms, fever, fatigue and upper respiratory tract inflammation.
(3) Inclusion bodies are visible in the conjunctival scraping.
