heat cramps
Introduction
Introduction to Heatstroke Striated tendon induced by physical activity due to excessive fluid intake but not supplemented with sodium. In high temperature (>38 ° C) environment, when excessive sweating is lost and only water is added, heatstroke can occur after physical activity. Oh, the result is sodium, and occasionally the relative loss of potassium and magnesium. Heatstroke is common among manual workers (such as machine room personnel, steel workers, miners), mountain climbers or skiers wearing over-cold clothes, tennis players and other weekend athletes, and people who do not adapt to heat and dry climates. And too much sweat is hardly noticed. The onset is often sudden, first of all, the muscles of the limbs are involved, severe pain and brachial ankles make the hands and feet incapable of movement, often episodes, and the sputum muscles are indurated. If the sputum only affects the abdominal muscles, the pain can be similar to acute abdomen, life. Signs are usually normal, the skin can be dry or cool and sticky, depending on humidity. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: coma sinus tachycardia respiratory alkalosis pulmonary edema diarrhea hypokalemia hyperkalemia hypomagnesemia
Cause
Heat stroke
Direct sunlight exposure (35%):
In agriculture and open-air operations, exposure to direct sunlight, coupled with the exposure of the sun to the sun, causes the atmospheric temperature to rise again, causing congestion of the meninges, cerebral cortex ischemia and heatstroke, and the increase in humidity in the air is likely to induce heat stroke.
Concentration of crowds (20%):
In public places, in the family, the crowd is crowded, the heat is concentrated, and the heat is difficult. The heatstroke is painful contraction of the skeletal muscles of the various parts, the skin is moist and cold, the body is convulsed, and the body temperature is normal or slightly increased. There may be heat strokes.
High temperature operation (25%):
It is caused by excessive loss of salt in the sweat emitted by the body due to exposure to the hot environment. In the workshop working in high temperature, if the ventilation is poor, it is prone to heatstroke.
Prevention
Heat stroke prevention
1, eat more green vegetables. It is hot and humid, and people generally like to eat light, fresh and not greasy foods. Green vegetables have such characteristics and are rich in vitamins and minerals. Therefore, you should try to eat more vegetables, such as a variety of beans, melons, cabbage, parsley and so on. It can be eaten raw with cold, or a small amount of lean pork.
2, eat more fruits. Melon juice is sweet and sweet, not only to thirst, but also to clear the heat. Watermelon is sweet and juicy, and it is the first of the melons to quench your thirst. In addition, after the melon and cucumber are washed and eaten raw, or after drinking juice, they have a good heat-clearing effect. Kiwifruit contains a lot of vitamin C, which has a very good effect of clearing heat and relieving heat. It is a fruit and beverage that is often used by high temperature and field workers.
Complication
Heat stroke complications Complications coma sinus tachycardia respiratory alkalosis pulmonary edema diarrhea hypokalemia hyperkalemia hypomagnesemia
1, the central nervous system loss of consciousness as the main performance, persistent coma, the prognosis is poor, coma within 24 hours of recovery can not leave the sequela of mental and neurological damage.
2, the cardiovascular system is common sinus tachycardia, ECG transient changes (T wave low or inverted), cardiac output decreased, diastolic blood pressure decreased, pulse pressure increased.
3, respiratory system common signs of hyperventilation, leading to respiratory alkalosis and muscle twitching, severe pulmonary edema can occur, if not treated in time, can cause death, individual heat stroke can be complicated by pulmonary inhalation, pulmonary infarction.
4, the urinary system is often acute renal failure, accounting for about 25% of heat stroke, direct heat failure can cause extensive damage to the kidney, may appear myoglobinuria, oliguria or anuria, urine may have protein, red blood cells, white blood cells And tube type.
5, hepatobiliary system heat stroke 12 to 24 hours serum bilirubin can be elevated, 18 to 36 hours to reach the peak.
6, gastrointestinal symptoms, heat stroke can occur vomiting, diarrhea, severe bloody diarrhea, melena and so on.
7, other complications in the body electrolyte disorders began with hypokalemia, and then converted to hyperkalemia; hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia and so on.
Symptom
Heatstroke symptoms, common symptoms, severe intestinal pain, heatstroke , heat, fever, acute abdomen
The onset is often sudden, first of all, the muscles of the limbs are involved, severe pain and brachial ankles make the hands and feet incapable of movement, often episodes, and the sputum muscles are indurated. If the sputum only affects the abdominal muscles, the pain can be similar to acute abdomen, life. Signs are usually normal, the skin can be dry or cool and sticky, depending on humidity.
Examine
Heatstroke check
1, blood routine, urine routine, fecal routine.
2. Liver function, renal function, electrolyte and inorganic element detection.
3. Cardiovascular examination.
4. CT examination.
5. Detection of blood gas and acid-base balance indicators.
Diagnosis
Heatstroke diagnosis
Heatstroke with abdominal pain should be differentiated from various acute abdomen.
Abdominal muscle pain caused by heat stroke can also be accompanied by muscle spasm pain in other places, but the symptoms will disappear after the symptoms of heatstroke are relieved, the symptoms are light, disappear quickly, and the prognosis is good.
Acute abdomen is a general term for acute abdominal diseases. Common acute abdomen diseases include: acute appendicitis, acute perforation of ulcer disease, acute intestinal obstruction, acute biliary infection and cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, abdominal trauma, urinary calculi and rupture of ectopic pregnancy. The disease is acute, the condition is heavy, the change is fast, and the condition is complex. It often involves internal and external, women, and children. And it does not disappear with the relief of heatstroke symptoms.
