Stress response and adjustment disorder
Introduction
Introduction to stress response and adaptation disorders Stress response and adaptation disorders are a group of mental disorders caused by severe stressful life events or persistent unpleasant conditions. The clinical symptoms and course of the disease are closely related to the traumatic experience. The main factors affecting the clinical manifestations and course of the disease are: life events and situations; thoughts, concepts and social and cultural background; personality characteristics, education level and life beliefs. The general prognosis is good. The prevalence rate is different because of the different concepts and diagnostic criteria for this disease. Chronic frequent stress response, so that the spirit is in a state of tension for a long time, easy to induce high blood pressure, diabetes, neuropathic headache, gastric ulcer and other chronic diseases, and excessive emotional stress, such as overjoyed, too sad is very easy to cause brain Stroke, myocardial infarction and other "white heads", "laughing dead" situation, due to increased stress and glucocorticoid secretion, significantly inhibiting the body's immunity, so stress can increase the incidence of infectious diseases Susceptibility. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0006% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hypertension, diabetes, neurological headache, gastric ulcer
Cause
Stress response and causes of adaptation disorders
Cause:
Dramatic trauma or life events, or persistent difficult situations, can be the direct cause of the disease. These stressors include: serious life events, such as the sudden death of a loved one, especially the death of a spouse; natural disasters, such as Fires, earthquakes, flash floods and other disasters that threaten life safety and huge loss of property; war; continuous tension in interpersonal relationships or unexpected changes in social relations, such as long-term disagreement between husband and wife, tension in co-workers, death in life, refugees living in exotic countries, etc. .
The above-mentioned various stressors, the intensity and duration of stimulation, are undoubtedly the key to the onset of disease, but some scholars believe that the intensity of stimulation is not determined by the external things themselves, but by the relationship between the nature of the changes in things and the severity of the internal conflicts. Therefore, if a lover who has been divorced for many years dies, it will not cause a strong emotional reaction of the individual, and it will not constitute an obvious mental stimulation. Only when you lose what the individual needs most, will he have the strongest reaction. On the other hand, he must also pay attention to everyone. The personality characteristics and the health of the body can explain that under the same traumatic conditions, not everyone has mental disorders, but only some of them are timid and sensitive people are sick.
Prevention
Stress response and prevention of adaptation disorders
The ancients maintained their health, with special emphasis on controlling stress. The Lingshujing emphasized: "The health of the wise man must also be suitable for the cold and heat at four o'clock, and live in peace and anger, and adjust the yin and yang to adjust the softness and softness. Longevity and long-term vision," I still have a lot to learn from this reading.
Complication
Stress response and complications of adaptation disorders Complications, hypertension, diabetic neuropathic headache, gastric ulcer
Chronic frequent stress response, so that the spirit is in a state of tension for a long time, easy to induce high blood pressure, diabetes, neuropathic headache, gastric ulcer and other chronic diseases, and excessive emotional stress, such as overjoyed, too sad is very easy to cause brain Stroke, myocardial infarction and other "white heads", "laughing dead" situation, due to increased stress and glucocorticoid secretion, significantly inhibiting the body's immunity, so stress can increase the incidence of infectious diseases Susceptibility.
Symptom
Symptoms of stress response and adaptation disorders Common symptoms Post-widowhood adaptive disorder Stress dysfunction Stressful functional headache trauma
There is a strong transient or persistent stressful life event, which occurs within a few days or three months of onset; 2 sensitive and unstable quality; 3 clinical symptoms directly reflect or recapitulate the content of the traumatic situation; 4 in stress Complete recovery can be achieved quickly after the source has improved adaptive capacity or converted to an environment.
Examine
Stress response and adjustment of accommodation disorders
In CCMD-3, the diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder are as follows.
1, symptom criteria: the cause of unusual and severe mental stimulation, and at least one of the following:
(1) Psychomotor excitement with a strong fear experience, the behavior has a certain blindness.
(2) There is emotionally retarded psychomotor inhibition (such as reactive stiffness), which may have mild confusion.
2. Severe standards: Social function is seriously impaired.
3, the course of disease criteria: after a few minutes to several hours after the onset, the course of the disease is short, usually lasts for several hours to one week, usually relieved within 1 month.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of stress response and adaptation disorder
diagnosis
The diagnosis is mainly based on the following points:
1 There is a strong transient or persistent stressful life event that occurs within a few days or three months of onset.
2 sensitive, nervous, unstable quality.
3 clinical symptoms directly reflect or recapitulate the content of the traumatic situation.
4 After the stress source is cleared, the adaptive ability is improved or the environment is changed, complete remission can be quickly obtained.
Also pay attention to the following issues when diagnosing:
1 Carefully analyze the nature and intensity of the stimulus, stimulate the relationship between the time and the symptoms of the disease, and avoid blaming the occurrence of the disease on life events unrelated to the disease.
2 Mental stimulation can be used as a trigger for other mental illnesses. For example, most schizophrenia patients can find some mental factors in their medical history, but as the disease progresses, the psychopathological characteristics of their basic diseases become increasingly clear, such as a large number of formal thinking disorders. The content of delusions is ridiculous, generalized, etc., and should be misdiagnosed as a stress response.
Differential diagnosis
Exclusion of snoring, organic mental disorders, mental disorders caused by non-addictive substances and depression.
