amnestic syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to amnesia syndrome Amnesticsyndrome is a selective or focal cognitive dysfunction with clear patient consciousness and relatively good intelligence. The prominent clinical manifestations are the near-memory memory disorder and the fictional tendency of speech. The patient's recent events, especially the newly contacted names, place names and figures, are most easily forgotten. In order to make up for these memory defects, they often produce misconfigurations (there are often The matter, but the time and place do not match) and fiction (the patient said, all of them are fabricated), the patient is easy to suggest, such as giving the patient new tips, can lead to the fabrication of new fictional content. Prevention of this disease should be done from changing bad habits, preventing alcohol abuse, eliminating chronic alcoholism, developing good habits, and rationally matching nutritious diets to prevent the occurrence of diseases. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: memory impairment
Cause
Causes of amnesia syndrome
Chronic alcoholism (30%):
This syndrome was originally thought to be only a characteristic symptom of chronic alcoholism. It was named Korsakov syndrome, and its pathological changes are located in the papillary body, hippocampus, and dorsal nucleus in the hypothalamus. The structure of temporal lobe, chronic alcoholism accompanied by thiamin deficiency is a common cause, but gastric cancer with severe nutritional deficiencies associated with thiamin deficiency often causes this disease.
Other causes (20%):
Such as vascular lesions (infarction in the hippocampus), carbon monoxide poisoning, third ventricle tumors, and cerebral hypoxia caused by cardiac arrest and autologous sputum, these do not pass the cause of thiamine deficiency factors, can also produce this syndrome .
Prevention
Forgetting syndrome prevention
Change bad habits, prevent alcoholism, prevent chronic alcoholism, develop good habits, and properly mix nutritious diets to prevent diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Complication
Amnestic syndrome complications Complications
The main clinical manifestations were forgotten and no significant complications.
Symptom
Forgotten Syndrome Symptoms Common Symptoms Axonal amnesia Korsako... Posterior amnesia Cortical amnesia Intermittent amnesia Complete amnesia Separate roaming transients Complete amnesia Traumatic amnesia Separate forgetting
The clinical features are memory dysfunction, time-disordered dysfunction, fiction and anterograde or retrograde amnesia. The patient begins with an event after the onset of the disease, or something that has just been done cannot be recalled. The amnesia syndrome can often be remembered. Mistakes are combined, and patients often fill in the blanks of memory loss in previous experiences in the form of a misconstruction or fiction.
Examine
Check of amnesia syndrome
Doppler, head CT, MRI, MRA, EEG, blood rheology and other tests.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of amnesia syndrome
diagnosis
The diagnosis is mainly based on:
1 consciousness is generally clear; there is a certain memory barrier, but generally does not affect immediate memory;
2 There is evidence of alcohol abuse history or other brain lesions.
The differential diagnosis is mainly to exclude:
1 psychogenic (sickness) amnesia, the latter mostly retrograde and marginal forgetting, and often associated with severe traumatic events;
2 status after seizure can be identified from medical history and EEG examination;
3 transient global amnesia (transientglobal amnesia) refers to the total forgotten sudden onset, especially the recent forgotten, confused expression, more common in middle-aged and elderly people, the attack lasts for several minutes to several hours, it is believed that the syndrome is due to A transient ischemia of the posterior or inferior temporal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere.
Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis is mainly to exclude:
1 psychogenic (sickness) amnesia, the latter mostly retrograde and marginal forgetting, and often associated with severe traumatic events;
2 status after seizure can be identified from medical history and EEG examination;
3 transient global amnesia (transientglobal amnesia) refers to the total forgotten sudden onset, especially the recent forgotten, confused expression, more common in middle-aged and elderly people, the attack lasts for several minutes to several hours, it is believed that the syndrome is due to A transient ischemia of the posterior or inferior temporal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere.
Pay attention to the identification of the following diseases:
(1) Mental disorders caused by alcohol. Patients with severe memory loss after long-term drinking, especially near memory loss, patients can not remember anything new, often have orientation Obstacles, especially time-oriented forces, patients have misplaced and fictional in order to fill the blank spots in memory, in addition to behavioral and emotional changes, patients often stay in one place, emotional expression is euphoric, etc., according to A history of drinking can diagnose the disease.
(2) Post-traumtic brain dysmnesic syndrome refers to the long-term memory loss after the acute phase of traumatic brain injury is an organic disorder that highlights clinical manifestations. There is a defect in near memory and far memory. Memory loss is particularly evident, but the consciousness is clear, there is no obstacle to other cognitive activities, and the memory gap is often filled by fictional plots.
(C) subarachnoid hemorrhage (subarachnoid hemorrhage) can quickly appear a similar performance of Coxakov psychosis, patients with disorientation, such amnesia syndrome often after a few days or weeks after the asymptomatic intermittent period Occurred, lasted for a short time, recovered soon after more than a few weeks, according to its sudden severe headache, vomiting, meningeal irritation positive, lumbar puncture cerebrospinal fluid uniform blood can be diagnosed.
(4) Diencephalon tumor can cause significant amnesia. It can't be remembered or reversed for newly-occurring things or newly learned things, but it is more memory of things that happen farther or have learned before. Well, other aspects of cognitive function remain better, but fictional symptoms are more obvious, often have symptoms such as lethargy, disturbance of consciousness, personality disorder, CT, skull X-ray, and brain ultrasound often have positive results.
(5) Patients with Alzheimer's disease may present with delusions and memory disorders. At the beginning, there are only near memory impairments, and the orientation is not good. On this basis, the computational power is reduced, the judgment is low, and speech occurs later. Obstacles and aphasia, misuse, loss of recognition, etc., which caused anxiety and anxiety. Some patients went out of their way, forgot to return home, and fell to the corner of the street at night, repeating some monotonous, stereotyped, meaningless movements, in memory impairment. On the basis of the fiction and misconfiguration, accompanied by personality changes, according to the age of onset, medical history, CT, pathological examination can be diagnosed.
(6) Patients with mental disorders caused by cereboar teriosclerotic can express affective disorder, disturbance of consciousness, personality disorder and memory disorder. Early in the early memory disorder, the visual and auditory memory also decreased significantly. Late distant memory loss is more obvious, and can produce amnesia, fiction, etc., such patients often have some neurological symptoms and signs, cerebral blood flow map is more valuable.
