bald
Introduction
Bald introduction Bald or bald, also known as baldness, refers to abnormal hair loss, which can be caused by hormonal imbalance. Malnutrition, genetics, disease, psychological stress, mood, endocrine disorders, and cancer treatment are all likely to cause baldness. The earliest detectable change was the degeneration of the lower part of the hair follicle in the connective tissue of the hair follicle, with changes in basophilic tropism. The hair follicles gradually shrink and become smaller, and are finally replaced by bristles. Finally, many bristles and hair follicles disappear, and the hair follicles gradually leave a bundle of hardened glass fiber-like connective tissue. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.012% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hair loss during the growing season
Cause
Bald cause
Endocrine disorders (50%):
Such as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism, and hypopituitarism. Estrogen can also cause hair loss during certain periods, such as menopause or oral contraceptives.
Drugs (20%):
Many drugs can cause hair loss, such as anticancer drugs, anticoagulant drugs, contraceptives, excessive vitamin A, beta blockers, ibuprofen, etc., can cause hair loss.
Severe chronic disease (5%):
Tuberculosis, cirrhosis, nephritis, leukemia, etc.
Malnutrition (5%):
Iron deficiency anemia, lack of trace elements.
Major accidents (3%):
When a major accident occurs, many hairs will enter the rest period at the same time from the growth period, and after two to three months, a major hair loss will occur, but this hair loss usually recovers itself.
Congenital (3%):
Some cases have no hair or hair from birth because of congenital hair follicle dysplasia.
Physiological hair loss (2%):
Within a few weeks after the baby is born or when the mother is producing for three months, the hair suddenly falls off quickly, but it automatically returns to normal.
Prevention
Bald prevention
Hair loss is normal in a certain amount, especially in the fall. But crossing a certain amount is a manifestation of sub-health in the human body. Hair is raised by fine blood, just like the soil is not fertile, the crops are not flourishing, the blood is not strong, the hair is not dense, and it is easy to fall off. Hair loss is an intrinsic reaction. Pay attention to diet, pay attention to work and rest, pay attention to the mood, pay attention to exercise (accelerate blood tour) and strengthen the external care of the hair, such as: use nutritional mask, repair shampoo, preferably two to three days to wash. Let the hair dry naturally. There is also a method of applying an egg to the washed hair and washing it after a little massage. The egg white is a kind of protein. The bad hair is the lack of protein in the human body, that is, the lack of toughness in the body's metabolism.
Complication
Bald complications Complications, hair loss during growth
The disease mainly causes social and psychological problems in patients.
Symptom
Bald symptoms Common symptoms Alopecia areata, alopecia, alopecia, alopecia, hair, hair loss, alopecia, alopecia, alopecia, alopecia, syphilis, off-pathogenic hair loss
The earliest detectable change was the degeneration of the lower part of the hair follicle in the connective tissue of the hair follicle, with changes in basophilic tropism. The hair follicles gradually shrink and become smaller, and are finally replaced by bristles. Finally, many bristles and hair follicles disappear, and the hair follicles gradually leave a bundle of hardened glass fiber-like connective tissue. In the final hair loss area, the hair follicle growth period is shortened, the percentage of hair follicles in the rest period is increased, the hair is loose and easy to fall, and the epidermis is thin. The epidermal mutation was flat and the subepidermal capillary plexus almost disappeared. The deposition of sulfur-containing mucopolysaccharide in the dermis is increased, and the activity of the hair follicle enzyme is generally normal.
[clinical manifestations]
Often seen in adults 20 to 30 years old. Males account for 80%, male pattern hair loss (male pattern alopecia); women account for 20%, called female pattern hair loss (female pattern alopecia). The incidence of this disease in Caucasians is higher, and the incidence rate in China is significantly lower. According to a survey conducted by Shanghai in 1976, the incidence of early baldness was 0.63%.
Male hair loss mainly occurs in the top of the forehead, the anterior margin of the hair, especially on both sides of the forehead. Therefore, the forehead becomes higher, especially at the two corners, extending upwards and backwards. As the condition worsens, the top of the head is bare, and only the remaining hairs remain on the occiput and on both sides of the ankle. The scalp at the hair loss is smooth, and the slender bristles are visible, with no symptoms or only slight itching.
Different patients have different forms of hair loss and hair loss, but most of them have a slow course of disease and may be accompanied by seborrheic dermatitis or seborrhea. Some of the lighter patients showed only hair loss at the two corners and sparse hair at the top of the head.
Women's hair loss is rare and to a lesser extent. It is generally diffuse hair loss, with a prominent head. Gradually shedding, but not stripping, the two corners are rarely hair loss. The hair is soft and tarnished. The affected area has a thinned scalp, which may have a burning sensation, itching or pain. It is difficult to grow new hair in the future.
Examine
Bald check
1. Detection of immune function of the body (including determination of interleukin 2 and its receptor levels, determination of T lymphocytes and their subpopulations, determination of NK cell levels, etc.).
2, trace elements.
3, endocrine detection (thyroid, adrenal gland, detection of pituitary secretion function).
4. Pathological section of the scalp.
5, head treatment skin microcirculation test.
6. Is there too much androgen?
7, cervical spine deviation (Orthopedics).
Diagnosis
Bald diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Neuropathic alopecia - alopecia areata (commonly known as ghost shaving)
Alopecia areara is also called round hair loss, commonly known as ghost shaving, and Chinese medicine is also called oil wind.
It is a kind of neurological hair loss. It is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with genetic quality and environmental triggering factors. It is a localized non-scarring inflammatory patchy alopecia. Patients with alopecia areata often have a mental impact before the onset.
In conclusion, alopecia areata may be an antigenic system in HLA that stimulates the autoimmune process, breaking the normal hair follicle dynamics, causing the hair follicle to enter the rest period prematurely, so that normal hair cannot be produced, but the hair follicles at the hair loss site are present. Since it is in a relatively static period, after the cause is removed, the hair follicle may re-grow normal hair.
Scarring hair loss: hair loss caused by infection, burns, burns, wounds and electric shocks, causing hair loss caused by damage to hair follicles.
Other types of hair loss
Infectious hair loss: bacterial infection can cause hair loss, inflammation of the hair around the head and abscess hair follicles, keloid caused by folliculitis and alopecia folliculitis can lead to permanent scarring hair loss.
Drug-induced hair loss: Hair loss caused by drugs, the vast majority of hair can be regenerated, hair loss caused by chemotherapy drugs is the most common.
Neurological alopecia: alopecia areata, total baldness, trichomes, plucking ticks, etc. Most of them are temporary alopecia, and mental stress can cause excessive sweating and sebaceous gland secretion, resulting in severe scalp and hair survival. It deteriorates, causing diffuse hair loss.
Nutritional metabolic hair loss: excessive sugar, excessive salt, protein deficiency, iron deficiency, zinc deficiency and lack of B vitamins such as: B2 (riboflavin), B3 (pantothenic acid), B6 and biotin.
Endocrine alopecia: hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, hypopituitarism, hypoparathyroidism, estrogen deficiency, such as menopause, can also cause hair loss.
Physical hair loss:
a, mechanical hair loss including hair loss and local friction irritant hair loss.
b. Radioactive hair loss factors include electromagnetic wave radiation, radioisotope and high energy radiation.
c. Ultraviolet rays: The direct effect of ultraviolet rays in sunlight on the hair is to break the keratin in the hair, and the fur is gradually weakened.
d, hot hair: hair dry contains a certain amount of water, is very important for the hair to stay healthy, the temperature is often as high as 120 ~ 180 degrees, so that the water content in the hair is reduced, keratin softens, easy to break.
