acute abscess
Introduction
Introduction to acute abscess Local redness, swelling, pain and tenderness caused by infection, followed by fluctuations in pus formation. The common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. The abscess can be caused by an acute suppurative infection, or by a pathogenic bacteria from a distant source of infection, which is transferred from the lymphatics. Bacteria can spread from the abscess, infecting surrounding tissues to cause cellulitis, bacteria can also infect adjacent lymph nodes and drain their lymphatics leading to swollen lymph nodes, and patients can have fever. Such as high fever and long-term fever, can affect the body's metabolic process, causing damage and dysfunction of various systems, especially the central nervous system, causing harm to the body. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the disease is more common, the incidence rate is about 0.1%-0.5% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cellulitis
Cause
Acute abscess cause
The common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. The abscess can be caused by an acute suppurative infection, or by a pathogenic bacteria from a distant source of infection, which is transferred from the lymphatics.
Prevention
Acute abscess prevention
(1) Cleaning, disinfection and hygiene monitoring of the ward environment: The ward should be cleaned daily according to the routine, including the ground, bedside tables, bed frames, stools, door handles, etc., in case of pollution with 1 000 / L The chlorine disinfectant is disinfected and wiped. The patient should be disinfected after discharge from the hospital. The treatment room and the dressing room should be air-cultured once a month. The hand should be cleaned once a month. No Staphylococcus aureus and hemolysis should be detected on the surface of the object. For pathogenic bacteria such as streptococcus, the disinfectant used in the use is monitored once a quarter, and no pathogenic bacteria can be detected.
(2) Preparation of the patient's skin before surgery: Patients undergoing elective surgery should wash the skin before surgery (prepare the skin knife should be cleaned and disinfected), the skin preparation range should be accurate, if the skin surface is damaged, signs of infection, such as sputum, small pustules The surgery should be considered for extension.
(3) Clean hands and wash hands: Washing hands is one of the most effective and simple ways to prevent nosocomial infections. Wash hands carefully before and after touching each patient, and wash hands carefully according to the 6-step washing method.
(4) Sterile operation technology: Medical personnel should enter the ward with a clean and tidy cap. Always wear a mask when changing the medicine for patients. Strictly implement the aseptic principle when using sterile items.
(5) Disinfection and preservation of sterile articles: All metal instruments and cloths that are resistant to high temperature should be autoclaved to ensure the sterilization effect. Sterile articles should be placed in a clean and dry place, and the door should be closed. To prevent dust from falling on sterile items.
(6) Strict management of disposable drainage items: Disposable drainage items (such as drainage bags, negative pressure drainage bottles, drainage strips, etc.) should be replaced regularly; strictly check whether the packaging is damaged, such as damaged or leaky packaging. It is forbidden to be used in clinical practice; disposable items should be placed in a dry place with suitable temperature and humidity.
Complication
Acute abscess complications Complications cellulitis
Such as high fever and long-term fever, can affect the body's metabolic process, causing damage and dysfunction of various systems, especially the central nervous system, causing harm to the body.
Bacteria can spread from the abscess, infecting surrounding tissues to cause cellulitis, bacteria can also infect adjacent lymph nodes and drain their lymphatics leading to swollen lymph nodes, and patients can have fever.
Symptom
Acute abscess symptoms Common symptoms Pulmonary mass abscess edema pustule local burning hot appendix sinus formation skin diffuse redness pustule infectious fever
1. Superficial abscess is slightly higher than the body surface, red, swollen, hot, painful and fluctuating, small abscess, deep position, thick wall, the wave feeling is not obvious.
2. Deep abscess generally does not have a sense of fluctuation, but the surface of the abscess often has edema and obvious local tenderness, accompanied by symptoms of systemic poisoning.
Examine
Acute abscess examination
1. Shallow: The abscess manifests as local redness, swelling, heat, pain and tenderness, and then fluctuates.
2. Deep: The abscess is a local diffuse swelling, pain and tenderness, and the fluctuation is not obvious. The puncture can be taken out by the test puncture, and it can also be used as an ultrasound consultation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of acute abscess
The symptoms of the disease are clear and no special identification is required.
