acute jaw osteomyelitis
Introduction
Introduction to acute jaw osteomyelitis Jaw osteomyelitis can be divided into suppurative, specific, radioactive and so on. Clinically, suppurative jaw osteomyelitis is the most common. Acute jaw osteomyelitis is acute and the systemic symptoms are obvious. Partially predisposed to the source of tooth pain, quickly extended to adjacent teeth, resulting in pain on the entire affected side and released to the ankle. The corresponding parts of the face are swollen, the gums and vestibular sulcus are red and swollen, and many teeth in the affected area are loose. Often pus overflows from the periodontal. Mandibular osteomyelitis, due to the invasion of masticatory muscles, often has varying degrees of mouth opening. When the inferior alveolar nerve is involved, there may be numbness in the affected side. Osteomyelitis of the maxilla is more common in newborns and infants, and the source of infection is often blood-borne. The local manifestation is that the lower part of the sputum is obviously red and swollen, and often extends to the eye to cause the eyelids to open. In the later stage, the pus can be worn in the internal hemorrhoids, nasal cavity and oral cavity. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0025% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: blood transmission Complications: oral diseases
Cause
Acute jaw osteomyelitis
There are three main sources of infection for osteomyelitis of the jaw, namely, odontogenic, injurious and hematogenous. Blood-borne jaw osteomyelitis is rare, mainly in children, and odontogenic osteomyelitis is the most common. It accounts for about 90% of all osteomyelitis of the jaw. Due to the improvement of medical conditions, the incidence rate has been greatly reduced. The odontogenic osteomyelitis is more common. This is dense with the bones of the mandibular cortex and has thick muscles around it. The adhesion of the dense fascia, the accumulation of pus in the medullary cavity is not easy to break through the drainage and other factors.
Prevention
Acute jaw osteomyelitis prevention
In order to prevent the occurrence of radiation-induced osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis, appropriate preventive measures should be taken. According to the nature of the tumor, the appropriate radiation type, dose and radiation field should be selected. Before the radiotherapy, all the infections inside and outside the mouth should be eliminated, and the whole mouth should be cleaned. Remove the incurable diseased teeth; treat dental caries that still retain dental caries, periodontitis, etc.; remove the original metal dentures in the oral cavity; active dentures must be worn after a period of termination of radiotherapy to prevent mucosal damage. In radiation therapy, the barrier is applied to the non-irradiated area; when the ulcer occurs in the oral cavity, the antibiotic ointment is applied locally to prevent infection. After the radiation therapy, once the tooth-induced inflammation occurs, surgery or tooth extraction must be minimized. Surgical injury; effective antibiotics should be used before and after surgery to control secondary infections.
Complication
Acute jaw osteomyelitis complications Complications, oral diseases
Acute jaw, in the late stage, can be worn in the internal hemorrhoids, nasal cavity and oral cavity, such as prolonged, can lead to weight loss, anemia, physical weakness.
Symptom
Acute jaw osteomyelitis symptoms Common symptoms Gingival pain toothache thinning gums swelling teeth loosening and shedding weakened dead bones lower lip numbness gums dark red or dark red
The onset is rapid, the systemic symptoms are obvious, and the local first-infected tooth is painful, and it quickly spreads to the adjacent teeth, causing pain on the affected side and releasing it to the ankle. The corresponding parts of the face are swollen, the gums and vestibular sulcus are swollen, and many teeth in the affected area are loose. There is pus overflow from the periodontal, mandibular osteomyelitis, due to the masticatory muscle invasion, often varying degrees of mouth opening, the lower alveolar nerve involvement, there may be numbness of the affected side of the lower lip, maxillary osteomyelitis more common in newborns Infants, infants, the source of infection is often blood-borne, and its local manifestations are obvious redness and swelling of the lower part of the sputum, and often extend to the eye to cause eyelids to open, and later in the sputum, nasal and oral perforation.
Examine
Examination of acute jaw osteomyelitis
Detailed medical history, local examination, and feasible X-ray examination to confirm the diagnosis.
The total number of white blood cells is increased, the proportion of neutrophils is increased, and when an abscess has formed, pus can be withdrawn from the center of the abscess.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of acute jaw osteomyelitis
Chronic X-ray diagnosis in the maxilla should pay attention to the maxillary sinus cancer, in the mandible should be differentiated from central cancer, bone proliferative marginal osteomyelitis should be differentiated from osteosarcoma and ossifying fibroma. A biopsy should be performed if necessary.
