marginal gingivitis
Introduction
Introduction to marginal gingivitis Chronic blepharitis, also known as marginal gingivitis, simple gingivitis, is mainly located in free sputum and sputum nipples, is the most common gum disease. The disease spreads all over the world and all ethnic groups. Almost everyone can occur in different degrees and scopes throughout their lives. The key to the prevention of blepharitis is to insist on thoroughly removing plaque every day, using toothpicks and flossing properly, and brushing your teeth in the morning and evening, and gargle after meals to control the formation of plaque and calculus. These prevent gingivitis. The recurrence is also extremely important. Chronic blepharitis is limited to the gingiva due to the lesion. After removing the local irritant factors, the inflammation subsides rapidly and the gingival tissue returns to normal. Therefore, chronic blepharitis is a reversible lesion with a good prognosis. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0002% Susceptible people: people without special hair Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Oral leukoplakia Oral mucosal disease Oral disease
Cause
The etiology of marginal gingivitis
The long-term accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface near the gingival margin is the initiator of chronic blepharitis. Others such as tartar, food impaction, and poor prosthesis can promote the accumulation of plaque, causing or aggravating the gums. Inflammation.
Prevention
Marginal gingivitis prevention
The key to blepharitis prevention is to insist on thoroughly removing plaque every day, using toothpicks and flossing reasonably, and brushing your teeth in the morning and evening, and gargle after meals to control the formation of plaque and calculus. These prevent gingivitis. The recurrence is also extremely important. Chronic blepharitis is limited to the gingiva due to the lesion. After removing the local irritant factors, the inflammation subsides rapidly and the gingival tissue returns to normal. Therefore, chronic blepharitis is a reversible lesion with a good prognosis.
Complication
Marginal gingivitis complications Complications, oral leukoplakia, oral mucosal disease, oral disease
First, heart disease
After studying more than 1,000 cases abroad, gingivitis patients have three times more heart disease than ordinary people. The reason is that some bacteria can enter the blood through the crack in the gums, which affects the liver and causes it to produce. A specific way to block arterial proteins, cause arterial embolism, and bacteria to cause heart disease is a mystery, but scientists have discovered an oral bacterium in fatty arterial embolism; oral bacteria for people who already have heart disease More threatening, some patients with dental diseases may encounter such a situation. If they have cardiovascular disease at the same time, doctors will take antibiotics before the treatment of oral diseases, preventing a large number of microorganisms from entering the blood during oral surgery, causing bacterial heart. Endometritis.
Second, stroke
Relevant foreign institutions conducted a follow-up survey of nearly 10,000 people between the ages of 25 and 75. They found that those with severe gingivitis had twice the chance of having a stroke than other people. The medical scientist explained that because of oral bacteria, Fat embolism of the carotid artery, if this fat block upstream into the brain, blocking a blood vessel in the gray matter, will cause a stroke.
Third, diabetes
When diabetic patients are attacked by bacteria, insulin can not work effectively, it will increase the blood sugar level. Foreign studies on 168 diabetic patients have found that those with severe gingivitis have difficulty controlling blood sugar levels. Endocrinologists suggest that When a person with a family history of diabetes is infected, go to the hospital as soon as possible to see if you have diabetes.
Fourth, gastric ulcer
According to a foreign study, the bacteria that cause gastric ulcer are living on plaque. The researchers investigated 242 patients with gastric ulcer and found that the pathogen was found in 210 of them. You can see the relationship between oral hygiene and gastric ulcer.
V. Pneumonia
Medical research has shown that every time a person breathes, a large amount of bacteria enter the lungs, causing respiratory diseases. At the same time, they live in people's mouths, although the human immune system can destroy them, but if people have some time When the immunity is low, these bacteria will sneak into the air and may cause bacterial pneumonia.
Symptom
Marginal sputum inflammatory symptoms Common symptoms Gum bleeding Bleeding gum swelling
[clinical manifestations]
First, the location and extent of the lesion
The lesions of chronic blepharitis are generally limited to free sputum and sputum nipples, and in severe cases can also affect the attachment of sputum, usually in the previous tooth area, especially in the mandibular anterior region.
Second, the disease performance
Gingival color
The normal gums are pink, and the free sputum and sputum nipples become dark red or dark red when suffering from blepharitis, which is caused by blood vessel hyperplasia and hyperplasia in the connective tissue of the gums.
2. Gum shape
When suffering from gingivitis, due to tissue edema, the gingival margin becomes thicker, no longer close to the tooth surface, and the nipple becomes round and blunt hypertrophy. When attached to edema, the spot color can also disappear, and the surface is smooth and shiny.
3. Texture
In the case of gingivitis, the gums can become soft and fragile and lack elasticity due to connective tissue edema and collagen destruction.
4. Depth of the trench
When the periodontal tissue is healthy, the depth of the sulcus is generally less than 2 mm. When the gingiva has inflammatory swelling or hyperplasia, the sulcus can be deepened by more than 2 mm to form a pseudo periodontal pocket.
5. Exploring bleeding
Healthy gums do not cause bleeding when brushing teeth or detecting sulcus. When gingivitis occurs, it is lightly touched and bleeding, and probing is also bleeding. Post-exploration bleeding is an important objective indicator for diagnosing gum inflammation.
6. Increased gingival crevicular fluid
When there is inflammation in the gums, the gingival crevicular fluid oozing increases, and the white blood cells are also significantly increased. Some patients may also have sulcus and pus, so measuring the amount of gingival crevicular fluid can be used as an indicator to determine the degree of inflammation.
7. Conscious symptoms
In chronic blepharitis, patients often bleed when brushing or biting hard objects, or blood stains on bitten foods. This is the main reason for the visit, but chronic blepharitis generally has no spontaneous bleeding, which can be associated with blood diseases. And other diseases caused by the identification of bleeding gums, some patients occasionally feel the local itching of the gums, swelling and other discomfort, and bad breath.
Examine
Examination of marginal gingivitis
Check that there is tartar attached to the neck of the tooth, the color of the gums changes from light red to deep red, the gums are soft and slightly swollen, so that the edges of the gums become thicker, the nipples become round and blunt, and the gums are prone to bleeding during probing.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of marginal gingivitis
1. Should be differentiated from early periodontitis
The main distinguishing points are periodontal attachment loss and alveolar bone resorption. As mentioned above, the gingival sulcus can be deepened by more than 2 mm, but the position of the epithelial attachment is still located at the enamel bone boundary, and in the case of periodontitis, The combined epithelium has migrated to the root to form a true periodontal pocket. The bottom of the bag is located at the root of the enamel bone boundary. X-ray films (especially the flaps) help to determine the early alveolar bone resorption, which can be seen early in periodontitis. The height of the alveolar crest is reduced, the hard plate disappears, and the bone height of gingivitis is normal. X-ray films are taken when suspicious, and the early alveolar crest absorption is observed to identify early periodontitis.
2. Blood disease
For gingival bleeding and gingival inflammation, it should be differentiated from gingival bleeding caused by certain systemic diseases, such as leukemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia.
3. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
It is the main symptom of bleeding and pain of the gums, but it is characterized by necrosis at the edge of the gums. See the fourth knowledge point in this section for details.
4. HIV-related sputum inflammation (HIV-G)
It is one of the earliest related symptoms of AIDS-infected patients. It can be seen that the free sputum margin is obviously red-hot line-like congestion, and the attached sputum may have a little erythema, bleeding after brushing or spontaneous bleeding. After removing calculus or plaque, The gums are still not congested.
