emphysema syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to intestinal emphysema syndrome Duvernoy syndrome refers to a small balloon of submucosal or subserosal that has many sizes and looks like polyps. Therefore, it is also called intestinal balloon disease, intestinal sac-like gas accumulation, cystic lymphedema, and peritoneal emphysema. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: intestinal obstruction, volvulus
Cause
Causes of intestinal emphysema syndrome
Cause:
The cause of balloon swelling is unclear. When the pressure in the intestine increases in the cavity, the intestinal wall enters the intestinal wall from the ulcer or ulceration along the interstitial space. The low-toxic aerogenes enter the lymphatic vessels from the intestinal mucosa, and the gas is produced to form emphysema. The cyst looks like a polyp or lymphangioma, the cut surface is honeycomb-shaped, there is connective tissue around the cyst, and the cyst is inaccessible to the intestinal lumen.
Prevention
Intestinal emphysema syndrome prevention
1. Pay attention to fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, maintain water and electrolyte balance, fight infection and maintain nutrition.
2. Avoid heavy physical labor immediately after a full meal, especially the labor that requires the body to lean forward and rotate, which has certain significance for preventing intestinal torsion.
3. Care should be taken to reduce intra-abdominal pressure.
4. Do not eat greasy food, it should be based on digestible food.
5. Regular inspections are still necessary. If necessary, go to a regular hospital for a surgical examination to determine the cause.
Complication
Complications of intestinal emphysema syndrome Complications, intestinal obstruction, intestinal torsion
First, intestinal obstruction
The contents of the intestines pass through the obstacles, and in layman's terms, the intestines are not smooth. Here, the intestine usually refers to the small intestine (jejunum, ileum) and the colon (ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon). Acute intestinal obstruction is one of the most common surgical acute abdomen and can be encountered frequently in emergency rooms. For various reasons, the mortality rate is still high, about 5% to 10%; if intestinal stenosis occurs again, the mortality rate can rise to 10% to 20%.
Second, intestinal torsion
Intestinal torsion refers to a segment of the intestinal fistula that is twisted more than 180 degrees along the longitudinal axis of the mesentery. It can be clockwise or counterclockwise, causing complete or partial occlusion of the intestines at both ends of the torsion, resulting in a closed intestinal obstruction. Mesenteric blood vessels are compressed. Intestinal torsion is a kind of strangulated intestinal obstruction. The torsion of the intestine rapidly causes necrotic perforation and peritonitis. It is a dangerous and rapid development of intestinal obstruction. If it is not treated in time, the mortality rate is high (10%~33%). ).
Third, pneumoper
There is a phenomenon of free gas in the abdominal cavity. It is caused by perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. It is manifested as the disappearance of the liver dullness area of the abdominal percussion. When the patient is standing for X-ray examination, there is free gas under the armpit. For example, due to peptic ulcer or typhoid fever. When the acute stomach or intestinal perforation is complicated, it must be treated immediately. Because of the need to inject gas into the abdominal cavity due to diagnosis and treatment, it is called artificial pneumoperitoneum.
Symptom
Symptoms of Insufficiency Syndrome Common Symptoms Intestinal Cystic Balloons Lower Abdominal Pain Diarrhea
The clinical symptoms are mild, and there may be pain in the lower abdomen, mucus and soft stools, diarrhea and air bubbles, which may cause gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, intestinal torsion, pneumoperitoneum and the like.
Examine
Examination of intestinal emphysema syndrome
1. X-ray direct signs have a circular circular volume accumulation along the double edge of the intestinal wall or along the long axis of the intestinal tube.
2. After filling, there may be sac-like translucent areas of different sizes of intestinal wall or cavity. Indirect signs may include pneumoperitoneum, mediastinal emphysema, metasacral small intestine or colon.
3. Fibrous colonoscopy can have a round pale blue polypoid soft tissue mass protruding into the cavity, biopsy can have venting and see cyst collapse.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of intestinal emphysema syndrome
First, intestinal polyps
Mucosal bulging lesions formed by chronic inflammation of the mucosa causing hyperplasia of the local mucosa may also be adenomas or hamartomas. Mainly found in the large intestine (colon and rectum). Colorectal polyps can occur in a single occurrence, or several, dozens or more, mostly pedicled, and a few are broad-based. Most cases often have unobtrusive symptoms and are only found by accidental X-ray angiography, fiber endoscopy, or autopsy. Intestinal polyps are more common and their incidence increases with age. Common colorectal polyps include hyperplastic polyps, inflammatory polyps, childhood polyps, adenomas, and papillary adenomas.
Second, lymphangioma
Lymphangioma is a tumor-like malformation that occurs in the original lymphatic sac of certain parts of the embryo during isolation from the lymphatic system. It is a congenital benign hamartoma. Lymphangioma includes simple lymphangioma, cavernous lymphangioma, and cystic lymphangioma. More than 90% were found within 2 years of age. The incidence of male and female lymphangioma is roughly the same. Localized lymphangioma has a good prognosis after surgery and rarely recurs. The boundary of diffuse lymphangioma is unclear, it is difficult to completely remove it, and often relapses many times. The rubbery tumor-like changes in the limbs are less effective, but lymphangiomas do not malignant.
Third, intestinal tumor
Patients often show anemia, weight loss, increased stool frequency, deformation, and mucus bloody stools. Abdominal masses and intestinal obstruction sometimes occur. The predilection site is mainly rectum, the sigmoid colon is secondary, and other parts are less.
