otitis externa
Introduction
Introduction to external auditory canal External auditory canal can be divided into two categories, one is localized otitis externa, also known as external auditory canal; the other is diffuse inflammation of the external auditory canal skin, also known as diffuse otitis externa. When the external auditory canal skin trauma or local resistance is reduced, it is easy to develop, such as ear digging, swimming into the water, prolonged pus stimulation of suppurative otitis media, etc. In addition, people with allergic constitution and diabetes are recurrent, and common pathogens are golden yellow. Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.035% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: staphylococcal infection
Cause
Causes of external auditory canal
Environmental factors (45%):
Environmental factors account for most of the factors of the disease, when the external auditory canal skin trauma or local resistance is reduced, such as ear, swimming into the water, suppurative otitis media long-term pus stimulation. Skin abrasions and ulcers are prone to infection, and earing is a common cause.
Bacterial infection (45%):
In addition, people with diabetes, chronic constipation and debilitating body are prone to this disease and recurrence. People with allergies and diabetes are recurrent. The common pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus.
Prevention
External auditory canal prevention
First of all, you should quit the bad habit of dig ear, dig the ear not only damage the skin to cause infection, but also often stimulate the skin is also easy to grow "external ear canal papilloma", so that the ear canal often bleeding, and even affect hearing, and second, to prevent sewage into the ear, in the wash Head, before swimming, you can use a special rubber stopper or clean cotton ball to apply grease to block the external auditory canal. It is necessary to remove the external auditory canal or foreign body in time. Finally, care should be taken to keep the ear dry and avoid damage.
Complication
External auditory canal complications Complications staphylococcal infection
Skin abrasions and ulcers are prone to infection, and ear is a common cause. Diabetes, chronic constipation and debilitating body are prone to this disease and recurrence. High temperature and humidity can reduce the ability of the external auditory canal to resist infection, so it is easy to develop in summer, often Staphylococcus infection.
Symptom
Symptoms of external auditory canal Symptoms Common ear problems Ear pain External auditory canal hearing loss Swollen tinnitus Ears peeling earlobe There is hard fistula External auditory canal stenosis Auricular mastoiditis
When the external auditory canal is severe, the ear pain is severe. When the mouth is chewed, it is aggravated and can be radiated to the same side of the head. Feeling of general discomfort, body temperature or slightly increased. When the swelling is severely blocked in the external auditory canal, there may be tinnitus and hearing loss. Examination of auricular traction pain and faint tenderness, localized cartilage of the external auditory canal has redness and swelling. After the redness and swelling, the empyema in the external auditory canal flows out of the ear, and the ear pain is relieved. Severe swelling of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal can make the posterior sulcus and mastoid area red and swollen, and should be distinguished from acute mastoiditis. Acute mastoiditis patients have a history of acute or chronic suppurative otitis media, fever is more obvious, no auricular traction pain, but there is tenderness of the mastoid; there is tympanic membrane perforation or tympanic membrane congestion, more pus.
Diffuse otitis externa is characterized by earache and discharge of secretions. The examination also has auricular traction pain and faint pain, diffuse redness of the external auditory canal, accumulation of secretions on the wall of the external auditory canal, narrowing of the external auditory canal, and swelling of the periorbital lymph nodes. Chronic ear itching, a small amount of exudate. The external auditory canal has thickened skin, chapped, desquamation, and secretions, which can even cause narrowing of the external auditory canal.
Examine
Examination of external auditory canal
The external auditory canal examination has auricular traction pain and otoscope tenderness. The external auditory canal cartilage skin has localized redness and swelling. The posterior wall of the external auditory canal is swollen and severe. The posterior sulcus and mastoid area can be red and swollen. The diffuse otitis externa examination also has auricle Pain and otoscope tenderness, diffuse redness of the external auditory canal, accumulation of secretions on the wall of the external auditory canal, narrowing of the external auditory canal, swelling of the periorbital lymph nodes, thickening of the external auditory canal, chapped, desquamation, accumulation of secretions, and even external auditory canal narrow.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of external auditory canal
Need to be differentiated from other external auditory canal diseases such as external ear canal mycosis
The anterior wall of the external auditory canal can cause swelling of the posterior sulcus and mastoid area. It should be distinguished from acute mastoiditis. Patients with acute mastoiditis have a history of acute or chronic suppurative otitis media. The fever is more obvious, and there is no auricle. Pulling pain, but there is tenderness of the mastoid; there is perforation of the tympanic membrane or tympanic membrane, and there are more pus; X-ray mastoid film shows opacity or bone destruction in the mastoid air chamber.
