chronic simple rhinitis
Introduction
Introduction to chronic simple rhinitis Chronic simple rhinitis is a reversible inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to local, systemic or environmental factors. The main pathological changes are neurological dysfunction of nasal mucosa, dilated blood vessels of the mucosa, increased permeability, infiltration of cells mainly composed of lymphocytes and plasma cells around blood vessels and glands, active mucinous glands and increased secretion. The main symptoms are nasal congestion. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.12% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: olfactory dysfunction sinusitis jaw osteomyelitis purulent meningitis
Cause
Causes of chronic simple rhinitis
Disease factor (50%)
Chronic simple rhinitis can be caused by systemic and local body diseases, systemic chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, adrenal gland disease, chronic liver disease, etc., sinusitis, adjacent infection lesions and nasal septum deviation.
Environmental factors (20%)
In various natural and social environments closely related to human life, the quality of the living environment is closely related to the quality of life of everyone. Chronic simple rhinitis can cause decreased body resistance due to the influence of living environment and working environment such as tobacco and alcohol, smog and so on.
Prevention
Chronic simple rhinitis prevention
1, pay attention to work and environmental sanitation, avoid alcohol and tobacco, eliminate the lesions.
2, can not rely too much on drugs to keep the nose ventilated.
3, pay attention to exercise, enhance physical fitness.
Complication
Chronic simple rhinitis complications Complications olfactory sinusitis jaw osteomyelitis purulent meningitis
When rhinitis fails to be treated in time, affecting the olfactory mucosa, there will be olfactory disorders, resulting in no smell of odor and odor. When long-term recurrent sinusitis is not treated in time, inflammation will spread to neighboring organs and tissues. Concurrent such as frontal bone osteomyelitis, tibial wall osteoarthritis and periostitis, submucosal abscess of the temporal wall, intraorbital cellulitis, retrobulbar optic neuritis, epidural abscess, subdural abscess, purulent meningitis, brain abscess , cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis and other critical emergencies.
Symptom
Chronic simple rhinitis symptoms Common symptoms Nasal runny nose lying on the underside when lying on the side... Pus sputum increased and not easy to exhaust breath odor
(1) nasal congestion: intermittent or alternating,
1 Intermittent nasal congestion: generally manifested as daytime, reduced during labor or exercise, increased at night, sitting or cold,
2 alternating nasal congestion: the nasal cavity on the lower side when the side is lying is often blocked and aggravated; after the other side of the patient, the nasal cavity with no nasal congestion or nasal congestion is located on the upper side, and the nasal congestion or nasal congestion is aggravated after turning to the lower side; The nasal nasal congestion on the lower side is relieved. In addition, the sense of smell can be reduced to varying degrees. The speech is an occlusive nasal sound. Because the nasal passages flow through the nasal vestibule and upper lip for a long time, it can cause dermatitis or eczema. It is more common in children, and the nasal discharge can flow backward. In the pharyngeal cavity, there are symptoms such as cough and phlegm.
(B) more sputum: often mucinous or mucopurulent, occasionally purulent, purulent more than secondary infection.
Examine
Chronic simple rhinitis examination
The nasal mucosa is swollen, the surface is smooth and moist, generally dark red, the turbinate mucosa is soft and elastic, and the probe is lightly pressed to form a depression, but the removal of the probe will quickly restore the depression, especially in the inferior turbinate. 2% ephedrine solution for nasal mucosa contraction, the turbinate rapidly shrinks, the nasal or lower nasal passages have mucous or purulent secretions, the test examines the nasal mucosa swelling, the surface is smooth, moist, generally dark red, turbinate mucosa soft It is elastic, the probe can be lightly depressed, but the sag is quickly restored, especially in the inferior turbinate. If the 1-2% ephedrine solution is used for the contraction of the nasal mucosa, the turbinate shrinks rapidly, the total nose There are mucous or purulent secretions in the or lower nasal passages.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of chronic simple rhinitis
Differential diagnosis:
Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis: a history of long-term nasal congestion, bilateral persistent nasal congestion, occlusive nasal sounds. Nasal secretions are small and thick and difficult to sputum, may have decreased sense of smell, tinnitus, hearing loss, dry throat, headache, insomnia, memory loss. The nasal mucosa is reddish or dark red, and the inferior turbinate is thick and elastic. The hypertrophic inferior turbinate mucosa has a poor response to vasoconstriction, the probe is not easily depressed, or the pressure is relieved and the depression is difficult to recover immediately.
Chronic nasal congestion: According to the symptoms, nasal examination and nasal mucosa response to ephedrine vasoconstrictors, general diagnosis is not difficult.
