Laryngeal air sac
Introduction
Brief introduction of laryngeal balloon Laryngeal airbag swelling, also known as laryngeal bulging, throat or larynx sputum, is an abnormal expansion of the laryngeal sac, containing gas, infant larynx sac larger, generally 6 ~ 8mm, a few can be as large as 10 ~ 15mm, the small capsule is very large, called congenital laryngeal air swell. The formation of adult laryngeal air sacs and the congenital anomalies of the larynx and the chronic cough, trumpets, weightlifting, laryngeal tumors, etc., cause the pressure in the small capsule of the larynx to expand and expand. According to the position of the swollen airbag, there are three types of intra-throat, extra-throat and intra-throat and internal and external. The airbag swollen is located in the larynx. There are two types of this type. One type protrudes from the laryngeal chamber and pushes the larynx to the upper part. Live the ipsilateral vocal cords, even extending to the opposite side, obstructing the glottis; another kind of epiphyseal wrinkles from the ankle, causing the ipsilateral throat to deform, and even some extending up to the base of the tongue, located in the epiglottic valley. The balloon swelling appears in the neck and is the throat type. This type is mostly seen from the larynx and vascular laryngeal nerves and blood vessels, located in the anterior border of the subthoracic sternocleidomastoid muscle; also from the circumflex membrane, located below the thyroid cartilage. The mixed type is a balloon swelling that occurs in both the larynx and the neck, and is connected to a isthmus at the periosteum of the thyroid. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.025% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cough, fever, traumatic asphyxia, sore throat
Cause
Cause of laryngeal air sac
For the abnormal expansion of the laryngeal sac, containing gas, the small sac of the throat of the infant is larger, generally 6 ~ 8mm, a few can be as large as 10 ~ 15mm, the small sac is very large, called congenital laryngeal air sac, adult laryngeal The formation of air sacs and the congenital anomalies of the larynx and the chronic cough, trumpet, weightlifting, laryngeal tumors, etc., cause the pressure in the small capsule of the larynx to expand and expand.
Prevention
Laryngeal airway prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early diagnosis and early treatment are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Throat cystitis complications Complications, cough, fever, traumatic asphyxia, sore throat
Those with enlarged air sacs may have throat snoring and difficulty breathing. If the cyst is infected, it may have pain, the throat is tender, and the breath is smelly. If secretions enter the throat, it may cause severe cough.
Symptom
Symptoms of laryngeal air sacs Common symptoms Difficulty breathing Laryngeal blockage Throat pain Throat sounds pronounced changes Throat and mouth itching Throat dry throat Itching dry throat and burning sensation Throat congestion
The diagnosis of laryngeal and mixed type is mainly based on symptoms. If there is a cystic protrusion in the neck, the touch is soft and compressible. When the force is forced to hold the air, the volume is increased, and the gas is puncture and suction, and the diagnosis can be made clear. The diagnosis of the laryngeal type is difficult. It must be carefully observed under the direct laryngoscope. The volume of the tumor changes with the breathing, and the volume is reduced when inhaling. When the force is forced to expand, the main feature is increased, such as a direct laryngoscope or a probe. Compression, the mass gradually shrinks, the diagnosis can be established, the X-ray film of the neck can help the diagnosis, there is a round translucent area at the tumor, the lateral slice is more clear, and the anterior slice is better.
It is asymptomatic at the beginning, and symptoms appear when it grows to a considerable extent. The most common symptoms of the larynx are vocal changes, unclear pronunciation, hoarseness or silence, often accompanied by coughing, and some patients suffocate before speaking. In order to use the pharyngeal muscle contraction to expel the gas in the balloon swelling, the balloon may have a laryngeal sound and difficulty breathing. If the cyst is infected, there is pain, the throat is tender, and the breath is smelly. If secretions enter the throat, It can cause severe cough, and the symptoms of laryngeal type are mainly a tumor with a rounded protrusion in the neck. When it is large and small, it is very soft to touch. It can be gradually reduced by hand and can smell and deflate. The skin color is normal. Adhesive or tender, but when infected, local redness, tenderness, mixed type with the above two types of symptoms.
Examine
Examination of laryngeal air sac
The diagnosis of laryngeal type and mixed type is mainly based on symptoms. If the neck has cystic protrusions, the touch is soft and compressible, the volume is increased when the force is forced to hold the breath, and the gas is puncture and suction, the diagnosis can be clear, and the diagnosis of the laryngeal type is made. It is difficult to observe carefully under the direct laryngoscope. The volume of the tumor changes with the breathing, and it shrinks when inhaling. When the force is forced to expand, the main feature is increased. For example, the device is compressed by a direct laryngoscope or a probe. Downsizing, the diagnosis can be established, the X-ray film of the neck can help the diagnosis, there is a round translucent area at the tumor, the lateral slice is more clear in the throat, and the anterior slice is better.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of laryngeal air sac
It is difficult to identify intralaryngeal balloon and laryngeal cysts, but the laryngeal cyst and the larynx are not connected. The volume does not change with the breathing, and the pressure does not shrink. The laryngeal airbag protruding from the larynx is differentiated from the laryngeal prolapse. Most of the laryngeal prolapse is inflammatory edema or hypertrophy of the laryngeal mucosa. It is released from the laryngeal chamber. It is characterized by a certain position at the throat of the throat. It can be pushed back into the throat and its volume does not change with the breathing. The laryngeal cavity must be swollen. It is distinguished from cleft palate cyst, thyroglossal cyst, and dermoid cyst. The main point of identification is that the laryngeal air sac is large and small, and the change is fast. It can be reduced by hand squeeze, while other kinds of cysts do not have this feature. It should be noted that laryngeal airway swelling can coexist with laryngeal cancer.
