nasal foreign body
Introduction
Introduction to nasal foreign bodies Nasal foreign body is a substance inside and outside the nasal cavity. The foreign substances in the nasal cavity can be divided into the following three types: 1 non-biological such as sugar paper, plastic plastic toys, buttons, necklace beads, glass beads, stones, soil, etc. 2 plants such as beans, peanuts, fruit cores, etc. 3 Animals such as insects, mites, mites, leeches, etc. Symptoms vary depending on the size, shape, type, and nature of the foreign body. The main symptoms are deep nasal congestion, purulent nasal discharge, odor and blood, and sometimes due to chronic nosebleed, which can cause anemia symptoms, such as pale, weak body. Easy to fatigue, sweating, etc. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 4% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: nasal septal perforation sinusitis
Cause
Nasal foreign body cause
Child accidental injury (30%):
Mistakenly put toy parts or food into the nostrils and enter the nasal cavity, dare not tell the parents, forget it for a long time, and until infection and bleeding occur, they are noticed. Vomiting, sneezing, can make food, mites into the nasal cavity through the posterior nostrils, occasionally live fish, live shrimp jump to the nasopharynx, through the posterior hole to the nasal cavity.
Foreign body (30%):
Insects can lay eggs in the nostrils of debilitated and comatose patients, and become foreign bodies in the nose. Tropical residents drink or swim in clean water, and can cause foreign bodies such as nasal leeches. During intranasal surgery, the operator accidentally fills the gauze or oil gauze into the nasal cavity and forgets to take it out, which is called iatrogenic foreign body.
Trauma (30%):
In the case of trauma, the skin, muscles and tissues of the nose are damaged by the impact and collision of external objects, so that the foreign body enters the nasal cavity, often combining the sinus and the eyelid foreign body.
Prevention
Nasal foreign body prevention
Nasal foreign bodies can be divided into two types: endogenous foreign bodies and exogenous foreign bodies. The former has dead bones, clots, nose stones and suede, and the latter can be divided into three types: plant, animal and abiotic. There are many varieties and complicated causes. Therefore, preventive measures should also be multi-faceted:
(1) Strengthening publicity to make people understand that nasal foreign bodies are not as dangerous as laryngotracheal and bronchial foreign bodies, but their consequences are serious. They are not only nasal congestion, purulent sputum, bleeding, but also headaches or even sinusitis. Visual impairment.
(2) Educate children not to put food, playthings, melon skin shells into the nasal cavity, and at the same time to prevent mental disorders, people who are unconscious and unconscious are stuffed into the nose.
(3) Do not use rice paddy water, wash the face with the ravine water, so as to prevent the water from crawling into the nasal cavity and adsorbing on the nasal mucosa.
(4) Strictly abide by the operating procedures during work to prevent accidents such as explosions.
Complication
Nasal foreign body complications Complications, nasal septal perforation, sinusitis
Long-term nasal foreign body can be complicated by nasal septum perforation, inferior turbinate necrosis, sinusitis and nasal stones. In addition to the above-mentioned local complications, long-term nasal foreign bodies in children can also cause anemia and malnutrition due to chronic blood loss.
Symptom
Nasal foreign body symptoms Common symptoms Nasal anterior hemorrhagic nasal congestion Facial pale deep nasal congestion Fatigue Nasal bleeding Rhinitis fatigue Bloody pus nose frog nose
Depending on the size, shape, type and nature of the foreign body, the main symptoms are deep nasal congestion, purulent nasal discharge, odor and blood, sometimes due to chronic nosebleed, which can cause anemia symptoms, such as pale, weak body, fatigue , sweating and so on.
Examine
Nasal foreign body inspection
There is a large amount of purulent secretion or pus and bloody secretion in the nasal cavity of the affected side. The nasal mucosa is red and swollen, erosive, oozing or having granulation. After sucking the secretions with a suction device, visible foreign matter, the surface often attached to the stain and pus Liquid, bad smell, such as foreign body retention for a long time in the nasal cavity, foreign body performance will have calcium salt, touch the rough feeling, sometimes forming a nose stone.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of nasal foreign bodies
Nasal foreign body should be distinguished from nasal diphtheria and tumor.
