Invagination
Introduction
Introduction to eyeball invagination The retreat of the eyeball position is called the eyeball invagination. It is the opposite of the eyeball, which is less common than the eyeball. Eyeball invagination refers to the eyeball invagination caused by reasons other than the eyeball. It must be differentiated from the eyeballs that reduce the lesions (small eyeballs, eyeball atrophy, eyeball spasm) and the collapse of the eyeball position caused by the reduction of the cleft palate. Open. Older people are more likely to have progressive hemifacial atrophy and progressive fat disappearance after severe illness, or after removal of the ankle tumor or bleeding. The main causes of the disease are: small eyeballs, sympathetic paralysis, loss of eyelid fat, trauma, and excessive contraction of the rectus muscle. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: keratitis cataract optic nerve head edema and optic disc edema
Cause
Cause of eyeball invagination
Common reasons are:
1, the eyeball is too small: such as congenital small eyeballs and acquired eyeball atrophy.
2, sympathetic paralysis: so that the eyelid Miller muscle and intraorbital smooth muscle relaxation and paralysis, so the upper eyelids gently drooping, cleft palate, eyeball invagination, and due to open diaphragmatic paralysis, resulting in sleep hole shrinkage, these three called Horrer Syndrome.
3, eyelid fat disappears: the elderly are common after severe disease, progressive hemifacial atrophy and progressive fat disappearance, or the removal of the ankle tumor or bleeding after absorption.
4, trauma: more due to the fracture of the sacral floor, so that the sacral cavity is enlarged, or part of the content into the maxillary sinus, resulting in acute traumatic eyeball retraction, in addition, even if it does not cause bone trauma, it can also be due to the posterior structure of the ball Turning and contracting, causing chronic trauma to eyeball retraction.
5, excessive rectus contraction: seen in strabismus surgery, due to excessive shortening of a certain muscle, resulting in eyeball retraction, or due to periostitis, part of the fluid and eye muscles and sarcolemma, causing paralytic contraction and eyeball retraction.
Prevention
Eyeball prevention
Eye trauma is mainly to prevent the occurrence of eye trauma, to do a good job of protection, to avoid trauma, in the event of eye trauma, especially eyelid fractures, you need to pay attention to timely medical treatment, correct treatment, to avoid further damage, even Lead to secondary infections. There are no effective preventive measures for ocular invagination caused by sympathetic paralysis, congenital small eyeball and acquired eyeball atrophy.
Complication
Eyeball invagination complications Complications keratitis cataract optic nerve head edema and optic disc edema
Neuroparalytic keratitis, uveitis, cataract, optic nerve head edema, etc.
Symptom
Eyeball invagination symptoms Common symptoms Collapse, eyelid drooping... Small eyeball
1, eyeball atrophy, eyeball paralysis or congenital small eyeballs.
2, Horner syndrome is caused by cervical sympathetic paralysis, dilated pupils, eyeball retraction and other symptoms.
3, caused by humeral fractures, subcutaneous emphysema of the eyelids, sputum pronunciation, eyeball retraction, X-ray film can confirm the fracture.
Examine
Eyeball invagination
The application of the eyeball outcrop is a reliable method to understand whether the eyeball is invaginated and the degree of invagination. X-ray plain film or CT scan to understand the fracture of the tibia, whether there is blood in the sacral cavity, whether there is broken bone in the maxillary sinus, eyeball The position is helpful for diagnosis. The author encountered a case of a burst of tibiofibular fracture, the eyeball was obviously invaginated, and most of the eyeball was invaded into the ethmoid sinus by CT scan.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of eyeball invagination
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical manifestations and examinations.
Differential diagnosis
Mainly the identification of the cause, such as the reduction of sputum content, eyeball retraction caused by atrophy, eyeball invagination caused by sympathetic paralysis, eyeball retraction caused by shortening of extraocular muscle, eye injury or J injury or intraorbital surgery Cause eyeball retraction and so on.
