infant umbilical hernia
Introduction
Introduction to baby umbilical hernia The nickname umbilical hernia protruding from the umbilicus is clinically divided into two types: infant umbilical hernia and adult umbilical hernia. Smaller umbilical hernias, such as less than 1.5 cm in diameter, are mostly self-healing with the development of the abdominal wall within 2 years of age. If the child is over 2 years old and the umbilical hernia is still not self-healing, surgery should be performed. Umbilical hernia is a developmental defect that is common in infants and has a significant increase in immature prevalence, especially in infants weighing less than 1500 g. Umbilical hernias have an increased incidence in certain special diseases, such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, congenital stupidity. The self-healing rate of umbilical hernia is very high, and it gradually decreases with age, and rarely extends to school age. The cause of umbilical hernia is related to the anatomical features of the umbilicus. A variety of causes of increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as cough, diarrhea, excessive crying, etc., can promote the contents of the abdominal cavity through the unhealed umbilical ring. The prominent internal organs are mostly omentum or small intestine, and there is generally no adhesion between the wall and its contents. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: the probability of illness in infants and young children is 1.2% Susceptible people: children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hernia
Cause
Infantile umbilical hernia
Environmental factors (45%):
Due to the umbilical development defect, the umbilical ring is not closed, or the umbilical cord root tissue and the umbilical ring adhesion healing are poor after the umbilical cord is detached. In the case of increased intra-abdominal pressure, the omentum or intestinal tube protrudes through the weak umbilicus to form the umbilical hernia.
Congenital factors (55%):
Infants and young children with umbilical hernia are mostly caused by congenital dysplasia, including the umbilical ring patent or the scar tissue around the umbilical ring leading to the formation of umbilical hernia.
Prevention
Baby umbilical hernia prevention
First, the tape paste method
Individual umbilical ring small children who love to cry and repeatedly umbilical hernia incarceration can try the "adhesive tape method" to accelerate the closure of the umbilicus. The specific method for preventing infantile umbilical hernia is as follows:
1. The adhesive tape should be about 5 cm wide for the medical tape and 6-10 cm longer than the waist of the sick child. One side of the tape is cut like a tongue-like piece (about 5 cm long), and the other side of the tape is opened in the middle to make the opposite side of the tongue-like tape.
2. After inserting, the gauze passed through the adhesive tape can be covered with gauze.
3. The sac must be emptied or invaded when pasted. It is usually replaced once every 1-2 weeks, and can be used continuously for 3-6 months.
4, pay attention to protect the skin to prevent foaming and smashing paste the essentials: moderately tight, each paste makes the umbilical smaller, in order to promote the healing of the umbilical. In order to prevent the tape from slipping off the outside, an elastic band (elastic band) may be added. Due to the difficulty in pasting the tape and the complications, the medical operation should be completed by the medical staff.
Second, "elastic belt"
This method of preventing infantile umbilical hernia is particularly suitable for newborns and small babies. It can be used in normal daytime wear, Panasonic at night, and often adjust the tightness to prevent excessive bulging of the umbilical hernia, and to ensure the child's dietary intake and abdominal development elasticity.
Complication
Infantile umbilical hernia complications Complications
A small number of cases of hernia incarceration may occur, that is, the intestines that are pulled out are stuck in the umbilical ring. At this time, the swollen mass is hardened, tender, and blocked.
Symptom
Infant umbilical hernia symptoms Common symptoms Umbilical part of the umbilicus has a globular mass umbilical fossa moist smelly umbilical umbilical swelling swollen umbilical cord redness and hard umbilical cord purulent discharge more umbilical cord with cherry red... Infant umbilical swelling Prominent
The umbilical reversible mass is the most important clinical manifestation, especially when the baby is crying, and generally has no other symptoms. Because the baby's abdominal wall and ankle ring are soft, incarceration is rare. The umbilical part is swollen, that is, the umbilicus has a half spherical mass, the umbilical circumference is swollen, the umbilical fossa is moist, swollen, and there is odor, which may be a symptom of clinical diagnosis of purulent or mixed blood.
Examine
Examination of infant umbilical hernia
Generally only need to do abdominal X-ray film to understand the signs of intestinal obstruction. Or abdominal percussion, an auxiliary examination method for checking whether the abdomen is normal.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic identification of infant umbilical hernia
Generally, suffocation refers to the suffocation of the squirrels in the squirrels. It mainly refers to the weakness of the muscles near the sputum. The nearby small intestines are affected by the abdominal pressure and are squeezed into the squid. If it happens to the male baby, it will even run. Into the scrotum, the ipsilateral scrotum and scrotum of the affected side appear particularly swollen in appearance.
Different from each other: the sputum of the sputum is more often than the umbilical hernia, such as abdominal pain, vomiting and other intestinal gastrointestinal congestion.
The same place: the timing of urgent surgery is when the small intestine is twisted or stuffed. At this time, there are often local tenderness, swelling and abnormal color.
