Opioid poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to opioid poisoning Opioids mainly include opioids, morphine, codeine, compound camphorquinone and papaverine, represented by morphine. Morphine is the first to be excited, post-inhibition, and inhibition in the central nervous system. Long-term use of opioids can cause euphoria and addiction. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: pulmonary edema shock
Cause
Opioid poisoning cause
Causes: Excessive or long-term use of opioids caused poisoning. Morphine is first excitatory to the central nervous system, but then inhibited, but mainly inhibited. The morphine poisoning amount is 0.06g, and the codeine poisoning dose is 0.2g. Addiction can easily lead to poisoning.
Prevention
Opioid poisoning prevention
(1) Strengthen management and strictly control the use of anesthesia analgesics.
(2) Anti-drug, resolutely crack down on the activities of criminals selling opioids, and carry out anti-drugs against those who have poisoned.
(3) Use atropine to stimulate the respiratory center during respiratory depression, keep the airway open and oxygen.
(4) Opioid antidote:
1, naloxone, 0.4 ~ 0.8 mg intramuscular or intravenous injection.
2, naloxene (propylene morphine): 5 ~ 10 mg / time, intramuscular or intravenous injection, if necessary, repeated injections 10 to 15 minutes.
Complication
Opioid poisoning complications Complications pulmonary edema shock
Accompanied by acute pulmonary edema, and even shock, dilated pupils, respiratory paralysis and death.
Symptom
Opioid poisoning symptoms Common symptoms coma, loss of appetite, lack of angulation, convulsions, respiratory depression, nausea, fantasy, loss of time and... Poison-induced liver damage
1. Mild opioid poisoning mainly manifests as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, excitement or inhibition, illusion, loss of time and space.
2, severe poisoning can occur coma, respiratory depression, convulsions, closed jaws, angulation.
3, chronic poisoning mainly has loss of appetite, constipation, weight loss, aging and sexual dysfunction.
Examine
Opioid poisoning test
1, urine routine.
2. Detection of stomach contents.
Urine and gastric contents were detected in the presence of opioids. The opioid receptor acts mainly on the central nervous system to produce analgesic effects, while in the gastrointestinal tract, it mainly inhibits peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the secretion of bile and pancreas. Due to the high proportion of opioids in the gastrointestinal tract, such as fentanyl in the central and gastrointestinal system drug distribution ratio is 1:1.1, morphine is 1:3.4, its role is mainly caused by gastrointestinal dysfunction .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of opioid poisoning
1. There is a history of applying excessive opioids.
2. Clinical manifestations: Mild poisoning is headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, excitement or inhibition. In severe poisoning, coma, dilated pupils such as needle tip size and difficulty breathing. Chronic poisoning is mainly characterized by loss of appetite, constipation, weight loss, aging and sexual dysfunction.
3. Urine and stomach contents are detected in the presence of opioids.
