orbital sarcoma
Introduction
Introduction to orbital sarcoma Orbital sarcoma ranks fourth in the incidence of orbital tumors. Among children, rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common, and adult patients with malignant tumors originating from the lymphatic system are more common. Liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma are rare. As with other malignant tumors, the exact cause is unknown, mainly due to the combination of tumors. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common in children, and malignant tumors originating from the lymphatic system are more common in adult patients. There may be no changes in the eyelids of the early x-ray film, and there may be eyelid enlargement and/or bone destruction in the advanced stage. Head CT examination can understand the tumor condition, CT and MRI examination with contrast agent can better show the location, volume, edge of the tumor and its relationship with surrounding tissues. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0028% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: eye movement disorders
Cause
Cause of orbital sarcoma
Physical (radiation) (25%):
Physical (radiation) is also a causative factor of lymphoma. The incidence of lymphoma is not only related to the dose of radiation absorbed, but also related to the age at the time of radiation. The radiation rate of lymphoma in people under 25 years old is higher than that of other populations. high. The impact of medical radiation on the pathogenesis of human tumors has received increasing attention, especially the high-dose radiation has a positive effect on the occurrence of human lymphoid tumors.
The cause of the virus (25%):
The virus is an important direction in the study of tumor etiology. As far as the current research is concerned, viruses closely related to malignant tumors include Epstein-Barr virus, human T-lymphocyte virus, and human B-lymphocyte virus.Genetic factors (10%):
There is a certain genetic predisposition, especially in children with rhabdomyosarcoma, which is closely related to genes.
Pesticide and fertilizer (10%):
Malignant tumors such as cyclophosphamide, procarbazine and L-phenylalanine mustard have been reported.
Immunity factor (10%):
Malignant lymphoma is a malignant tumor of the immune system, and immunodeficiency is one of the important causes of malignant tumors.
Prevention
Orbital sarcoma prevention
It is very important to maintain a good attitude, to maintain a good mood, to have an optimistic, open-minded spirit, and to be confident in the fight against disease. Don't be afraid, only in this way can you mobilize your subjective initiative and improve your body's immune function.
Complication
Orbital sarcoma complications Complications, eye movement disorders
Originating from the upper eyelids, often infiltrating into the superior rectus muscle and lifting the diaphragm, causing ptosis and eye movement disorders; originating from the posterior muscle cone, in addition to causing eyeball protrusion, can also see on the fundus Some of the eyes are under pressure, such as optic disc edema, yellow spotted radiation streaks, severe retinal detachment can occur. In younger, faster-growing cases, a rapid increase in the mass can cause conjunctival edema of the eyelid, presenting the appearance of eyelid inflammation.
Symptom
Symptoms of orbital sarcoma Common symptoms Upper ptosis polyp eyeball prominent retinal detachment
Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma, the number of male patients is more than female, the age of onset is 80% under 10 years old, the onset is more urgent, the development is faster, the eyeball is a very common symptom, the second is the lumps of the gingival margin, in younger age, In the case of rapid development, the rapid increase of the mass can cause edema of the conjunctiva of the eyelid, which is the appearance of eyelid inflammation. It originates from the upper eyelid, often infiltrates into the superior rectus muscle and lifts the diaphragm, causing ptosis and eye movement. Obstacle; originated from the posterior muscle cone of the ball, in addition to causing eyeball protrusion, but also can see some of the posterior eye compression on the fundus, such as optic disc congestion and edema, yellow spotted radiation streaks, severe retinal detachment Early x-ray film may not have any changes in the eyelids. In the advanced stage, there may be eyelid enlargement and/or bone destruction. The marginal mass may have a clear boundary and is slightly elastic, which may be misdiagnosed as a benign tumor. Adhesive with gingival margin and pressure energy, and confused with orbital pseudotumor, from the subconjunctival for every polypoid appearance, if the tumor invades the skull, it can cause more serious headache, accompanied by nausea, vomiting Intracranial hypertension and other clinical symptoms.
Examine
Eyelid sarcoma examination
There may be no changes in the eyelids of the early x-ray film, and there may be eyelid enlargement and/or bone destruction in the advanced stage.
Head CT examination can understand the tumor condition, CT and MRI examination with contrast agent can better show the location, volume, edge of the tumor and its relationship with surrounding tissues.
Other examination methods include bone scan (suspected bone metastasis) and lymphangiography (suspicion of lymph node metastasis).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of orbital sarcoma
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made based on medical history, clinical manifestations, and examination.
Differential diagnosis
The sacral mass can be clearly defined, but slightly elastic, easily misdiagnosed as a benign tumor, and can also adhere to the gingival margin and have pressure energy, which is confused with the orbital pseudotumor. Each has a polypoid appearance from the subconjunctiva. If the tumor invades the brain, it can cause more serious headaches, and the clinical symptoms of cerebral hypertension such as nausea and vomiting need to be noted and differentiated from other diseases that cause increased intracranial pressure, such as meningiomas and cerebral hemangioma.
