Pseudomonas pseudomonas pneumonia
Introduction
Introduction to Pseudomonas sinus pneumonia Pseudomonasmalleipneumonia is a horse caused by Pseudomonas sinensis One to two weeks of death, the chronic ones have not healed for a long time. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.0052% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sepsis
Cause
Causes of Pseudomonas sinensis pneumonia
Causes:
Pseudomonas sinensis is a gram-negative bacillus with rounded, slender, slightly curved rods at different ends, varying in size, (2 to 5) m × (0.5 to 1) m, isolated, sometimes arranged in pairs. No power, no capsule, no spore formation, the bacteria is aerobic bacteria, the optimum growth temperature is 37 ° C, pH 6.8 ~ 7.0, can grow on ordinary medium, add 4% glycerol grows well, in potato culture The base can produce a layer of light yellow honey-like lawn, which gradually turns brownish red, and the bacteria grows slowly. Generally, it takes 48 hours. The bacteria can produce two kinds of antigens, namely specific polysaccharide antigen and common antigen (protein component). The latter has the same antigen as Pseudomonas sinensis, which may cross-aggregate, and the bacteria do not produce exotoxin. The protein part of the toxin in the bacterium is mallei, which can cause allergic reactions in infected animals. As a skin test antigen for diagnosis, if the isolated bacteria are directly injected into the abdominal cavity of male guinea pigs, after 2 to 4 days, testicular swelling occurs and suppurative inflammation occurs, which is straus test positive, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Brinell Genus, sputum-like bacilli can also be positive It should and must be identified.
The bacteria is strong in resistance, can survive for 4 hours in feces and urine, 70 days in water, 6 months in sterilized tap water, but only survive for 10 to 15 days in a dry environment, directly irradiated by sunlight for 24 hours or heated After 56 ° C for 15 min, 80 ° C died for 5 min, but boiled immediately died, in 3% coal phenol soap solution, 10% lime milk, 2% formaldehyde solution, 1 h can be killed.
Pathogenesis:
People may be infected by contact with sick animals or articles infected with pathogenic bacteria. They may also be infected with dust or aerosol containing pathogenic bacteria through respiratory tract infection. This strain contains nasosin to cause allergic reactions in infected animals. Change to respiratory tract, skin, muscles, etc. Cellulitis, necrosis, abscess and granuloma.
Prevention
Pseudomonas sinus pneumonia prevention
The main measures are:
1 The sick horse should be immediately killed and buried deeply. The horses, horses and breeding equipment contaminated with sick horses should be thoroughly disinfected with bleaching powder. The application of the nasal sputum eye test can identify infected and uninfected horses. 2 to 3 times to improve the detection rate, horses that have been in contact with sick animals, even if the nose sputum is negative, should be isolated for 3 weeks.
2 Those who work in horses should be educated and educated about prevention, and patients should pay special attention to the disinfection of excreta, secretions and contaminated items.
Complication
Pseudomonas sinus pneumonia complications Complications sepsis
Combined with sepsis or sepsis.
Symptom
Pseudomonas sinus pneumonia symptoms common symptoms chills nasal septum perforation hypothermia lymphadenopathy myalgia scar septicemia toxemia
Clinical manifestations vary, depending on the route of infection, can be divided into skin sputum, nasal discharge and pulmonary sputum, the incubation period is generally several hours to three weeks, an average of 4 days, and even delayed to 10 years.
Acute nasal discharge
Sudden onset of chills and high fever, when pathogenic bacteria invade the lungs, can cause large leaf or bronchial pneumonia, lung abscess, exudative pleurisy and empyema, usually accompanied by chills, high fever, chest pain, cough, cough ( can be bloody), generalized muscle pain, headache and other symptoms, the lungs can smell wet musk or lung consolidation signs and the corresponding pleural fluid signs, such as damage limited to the skin infection site, acute cellulitis can occur, Local swelling, followed by necrosis and ulceration, the formation of marginal irregularities, gray-thick ulcers, and covered with gray-yellow exudate, can be complicated by lymphangitis or associated lymphadenitis, occasional cervical lymph nodes and splenomegaly, In severe cases, a nodular abscess is formed. After the ulceration, a fistula can be formed, and red or grayish white pus can be discharged. The pathogen can also enter the blood from the lesion, causing a systemic papular rash, which in turn develops into a pustular rash. The center has an umbilical concave and the bean is large. Pustules gradually scab, leaving scars after molting, such as nasal hair cellulitis and necrosis, nasal septum perforation, fistula and pharynx ulceration, often discharge bloody secretions, followed by Purulent secretions on to develop extensive ulcerative granuloma.
2. Chronic nasal discharge
The systemic symptoms are not obvious, only low fever or long-term irregular fever, joint pain in the limbs, pulmonary symptoms are not obvious, sepsis or sepsis occurs, abscesses in skin or soft tissue, swollen lymph nodes, and sometimes abscesses A large amount of pus can also form long-term unhealed fistulas, joints, bone marrow, liver, spleen, eyes and central nervous system can be involved, the disease develops slowly, the time is good and bad, the course of disease is delayed for several months to several years, patients Often getting thinner, showing a cachexia, often dying due to gradual decline, but there are reports of self-healing.
Examine
Examination of Pseudomonas sinus pneumonia
The total number of white blood cells can be normal or elevated, and nuclear left shift can occur, and the positive rate of complement fixation test can reach over 95%.
X-ray chest radiograph showed patchy shadows in the lung field, with blurred edges and sometimes visible cavities. In the case of sepsis and pneumonia, it showed irregular nodular changes, which were diffusely spread in both lungs and could be merged with each other. Cavities can form, and pleural effusion and pleural fibrosis in the later stages of the disease can also occur.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of Pseudomonas nigrum pneumonia
diagnosis
The clinical manifestations of this disease are complex and often difficult to diagnose, mainly based on epidemiological exposure history with or without direct or indirect contact with diseased horses. Blood culture, sputum or pus culture have positive results, and the isolate is Strauss. The reaction was positive, the serum agglutination reaction titer was 1:160 or more, or the complement binding test titer was 1:20, which was helpful for the diagnosis of the disease.
Differential diagnosis
The disease should be differentiated from snoring, disseminated tuberculosis, streptococcal cellulitis, staphylococcal infection, typhoid fever.
