meniscus hernia
Introduction
Introduction to the Half Moon Line The anterior and posterior layers of the rectus abdominis sheath heal at the lateral edge of the rectus abdominis, forming a semilunar, convex-lateral arcuate sacral structure, ie the meniscus. Peritoneal or intra-abdominal organs protrude through the meniscus of the lateral abdominis, called spigelian hernia, also known as flank. Spige (1617) first described the anatomy of the meniscus, so it is also known as spiglian. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting
Cause
Half moon cause
Cause (38%):
Inflammation of the abdominal wall tissue, abscess, or local tissue degeneration into a weak area after surgery. Direct trauma. Nerve damage causes the local tissue to lose nerve support and the ability to resist abdominal pressure is reduced.
The anatomical structure can be divided into 3 layers. The first layer is the inward extension of the external oblique muscle, and the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis is fused in the middle of the rectus abdominis. The second layer is the aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle, the thickest, forming the semilunar line. The main body participates in the anterior and posterior sheath of the rectus abdominis above the semi-annular line; the decidua of the third layer of the transverse abdominis muscles constitutes the posterior sheath of the rectus abdominis, in which the aponeurosis moves to the anterior and posterior sheath of the rectus abdominis. When a defect or a gap is formed for some reason, the peritoneum and the viscera can be released therefrom to form a sputum.
Pathogenesis (10%):
The semilunar line, also known as the spigelian fascia, consists of the external oblique muscle, the intra-abdominal oblique muscle, and the diaphragm of the transverse abdominis. The "range" of the fascia refers to the external oblique muscle, the internal oblique muscle and the transverse abdominis and the abdomen. The area between the lateral edges of the muscles is another weak area of the abdominal wall. The spigelian fascia is slightly curved, with the leading edge of the ninth rib, the lower pubic symphysis, about 0.5-1.0 cm wide, and the rectus sheath. The lateral margin is the surface marker. When the diaphragm of the transverse abdominis ruptures, or the aponeurosis of the abdominal oblique aponeurosis and the diaphragm of the transverse abdominis, or all of the rupture of the diaphragm, the rupture of the meniscus leads to a defect in the meniscus, in the case of increased intra-abdominal pressure. The extraperitoneal fat or viscera protrudes through the defect of the meniscus to form a hernia. The aponeurosis of the internal oblique aponeurosis or the external oblique muscle can sometimes remain intact, forming a sac with the subcutaneous tissue and the skin. In the abdominal wall, the hernia sac is mostly in the lower part of the external oblique aponeurosis and in front of the transverse fascia. The front of the hernia sac often has a mass of fat covering. The sac can contain no contents, and can also contain the omentum and the intestine. Hey.
The semilunar ridge occurs more than above the inferior vena cava, and the umbilical level is up and down, especially at the intersection of the semilunar and semicircular lines (the midpoint of the umbilical cord and pubic symphysis). The semilunar line is generally small, so the incarceration or strangling occurs. More opportunities.
Prevention
Half moon line prevention
prevention:
1. Factors that reduce or avoid an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.
2. Active treatment of the primary disease.
Half moon line Chinese medicine treatment
Chinese medicine repair method:
It is a Chinese medicine preparation with extremely high scientific and technological content. It is painlessly implanted into the lesion defect and surrounding by a doctor who has experienced the treatment of hernia. It can be combined with the method of oral administration and external application of traditional Chinese medicine to achieve the purpose of repairing and curing hernia.
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Complication
Semilunar complication Complications, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting
The semilunar sputum is more easily incarcerated. At this time, severe abdominal pain or nausea and vomiting are present, local swelling of the mass is obvious, and sometimes accompanied by pain in the upper abdomen.
Symptom
Symptoms of half-moon sputum Common symptoms Abdominal wall masses... Pain in the abdominal pain area or nausea
1. Symptoms: The symptoms of this disease are mild, only the pain or swell of the sputum area, and often worsened by the increase of intra-abdominal pressure. As the disease progresses, the pain gradually becomes dull and diffuses, making the diagnosis more complicated. Difficulties, such as sputum content of the greater omentum and intestinal fistula, may have deep pain, once incarcerated or strangled, the pain will become severe, and nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
2. Signs: The outer wall of the abdominal wall is the main sign, because the semilunar sputum is a sacral wall, and the sac is mostly under the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle. The shape of the sac is mostly flat, and the diameter is rarely more than 2cm. Found, but there are more fixed tenderness in the pupil, sometimes accompanied by abdominal pain, for those who are small or have difficulty to reach, can stand on their position, force and then press in the bulging protrusion, the block can be accompanied It disappears with a squeak and can touch the edge of the ring hole.
Examine
Half moon line inspection
In the clinical application, B-ultrasound can clearly display various cross-sectional images of various organs and surrounding organs. Because the image is rich in physical sense and close to the actual structure of the anatomy, the application of ultrasound can clearly diagnose early.
CT scanning (also known as CAT scanning) takes traditional X-ray imaging technology to a new level. Unlike the display of skeletal and organ contours alone, CT scans can be used to construct a complete three-dimensional computer model of the human body. Doctors can even examine a patient's body in small pieces to pinpoint specific areas.
Diagnosis
Half moon diagnosis and identification
If the patient's crotch area is painful, the abdominal wall mass can be confirmed, especially if the compression block can be retracted and can reach the edge of the ankle ring, and the method of increasing the intra-abdominal pressure can aggravate the pain in the crotch area, then the diagnosis is almost nothing. Difficulties, but because the defect may be located under the complete external oblique aponeurosis, the shape of the block is mostly flat, not easy to touch, or the block is located at a certain distance from the half moon line, so the diagnosis is often difficult, even though it is simple The tenderness at the hole is not sufficient to make a diagnosis, but it may indicate that the site of the prolapse (the position of the ankle ring or defect) is more or less helpful for diagnosis. B-ultrasound and CT scan may help to confirm the diagnosis.
The lower half-moon line is easily confused with the inguinal hernia. The latter is protruded through the straight sacral triangle, and its position is lower than that of the half-moon line, while the half-moon line protrudes through the transverse transverse fascia.
