blunt trauma
Introduction
Introduction to blunt trauma A blunt blow can force the eyeball to retreat to the eye socket and can damage the superficial structure of the eye (eyelid, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, and lens) and the posterior structure of the eye (retinal, optic nerve). A blunt contusion can also cause a fracture of the tibia around the eyeball. Within 24 hours of blunt trauma, blood can leak into the skin around the eyes, often with subcutaneous bruising, commonly known as black eyes (panda eyes). If the surface skin vascular ruptures, a red appearance appears, which generally results in less bleeding. Contusion damage to the tissues of the eye is often more severe than damage to the surface tissue. Blood entering the anterior chamber (traumatic anterior chamber hemorrhage) has certain potential harm to vision, and should be consulted by an ophthalmologist. Repeated anterior chamber hemorrhage with increased intraocular pressure can not only cause corneal blood staining, but also reduce vision, and glaucoma may occur in the future. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: secondary glaucoma with iridocyclitis
Cause
Cause of blunt trauma
More than due to blunt objects such as balls, fists, sticks, iron, masonry, etc. or high-pressure liquid, blood and blood injury, tissue damage, resulting in blood stasis.
Prevention
Blunt contusion prevention
(1) Resting in bed, taking a semi-recumbent position,
(2) Eye bandaging to prevent excessive eye movements,
(3) corneal abrasions can be wrapped with antibiotic ointment for several days,
(4) anterior chamber bleeding can be appropriate to use hemostasis drugs such as hemostasis, Anluo blood, vitamin K, etc.
(5) 1% atropine can be dripped when the intraocular pressure is not high and there is iritis,
(6) If the intraocular pressure is increased and accompanied by migraine, oral acetazolamide 0.25 ~ 0.5 g, three times a day,
(7) rushed to the hospital for ophthalmic treatment.
Complication
Blunt contusion complications Complications secondary glaucoma with iridocyclitis
The most common cause of complication caused by anterior chamber hemorrhage is secondary glaucoma, followed by corneal blood staining.
Symptom
Contusion symptoms Common symptoms Panda eye eye spots glaucoma
Within 24 hours of blunt trauma, blood can leak into the skin around the eyes, often under the skin cyanosis, commonly known as black eyes (panda eyes), if the surface skin blood vessels rupture, it will appear red appearance, this situation generally less bleeding.
The damage of blunt trauma to the tissues in the eye is often more serious than the damage of the surface tissue. The blood entering the anterior chamber (traumatic anterior chamber blood) has certain potential harm to vision. It should be consulted by an ophthalmologist, accompanied by increased intraocular pressure. Repeated anterior chamber hemorrhage can not only cause corneal blood staining, but also reduce vision, and glaucoma may occur in the future.
The blood can also leak into the eye, the iris (the colored film of the eye) can be torn, the lens may be dislocated, and the bleeding can also occur in the retina. In addition, the retina that lining the inner surface of the fundus can be detached, and the retinal detachment is early, and the image becomes Irregular, or floating, while flashing, blurred vision, and then visual acuity can quickly decline, in severe eye contusion, the eye itself may also rupture.
Examine
Blunt bruise
Visual electrophysiology (VEP) can be used to determine the state of retinal function of the blunt eye contusion, whether the visual conduction pathway is intact and the degree of injury.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of blunt contusion
Generally diagnosed according to the following points, no need to identify.
[diagnostic points]
(1) There is a history of eye injury.
(2) eye pain, blurred vision, severe symptoms can cause clinical symptoms such as migraine and blindness.
(3) The eyelids may have subcutaneous blood stasis or subcutaneous emphysema.
(4) There is a red hemorrhage or a conjunctival laceration under the conjunctiva.
(5) The cornea may have bruises.
(6) There may be bleeding in the anterior chamber.
(7) Visible half-moon shape defects and traumatic dilated pupils around the iris.
(8) Fundus, edema may appear in the retina, and severe bleeding may occur.
(9) The intraocular pressure is lower than the normal pressure, and occasionally the intraocular pressure is increased.
