enamel hypoplasia
Introduction
Introduction to enamel hypoplasia Enamel dysplasia is a defect in the formation or formation of enamel, which is a disease of abnormal tooth structure development. Enamel hypoplasia can be divided into enamel hypoplasia caused by hereditary and environmental factors. Among them, hereditary enamel dysplasia is caused by genetic mutation. The external environmental factors leading to enamel hypoplasia include host nutrient deficiencies, especially vitamin A, C, and D. The febrile diseases of infants and mothers during pregnancy (such as pneumonia, measles, blush fever, chickenpox, etc.), low calcium Inflammation of the blood and deciduous teeth can also cause enamel hypoplasia in the teeth formed during this period. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: tooth defect
Cause
Causes of enamel hypoplasia
The main reasons are nutritional deficiency factors, especially vitamin C, D; endocrine factors, infant and maternal diseases, such as pediatric measles, scarlet fever, etc., pregnant women with rubella, toxemia, etc. can also form during this period The enamel is incomplete.
1, systemic disease: maternal body during pregnancy with rubella, toxemia, high fever disease in infants (pneumonia, measles, blushing fever, diphtheria, etc.), according to the occurrence of the position to calculate the disease period.
2, malnutrition, rickets, vitamin A, C, D and calcium deficiency, in order to avoid genetic factors.
3, deciduous root infection of the deciduous teeth: any inherited permanent teeth may be due to apical apical infection caused by enamel hypoplasia.
Prevention
Enamel hypoplasia prevention
1. Children should pay attention to systemic factors, especially nutritional factors, before they are 3 years old. Pay attention to oral hygiene and prevent the occurrence of rickets.
2, pregnant women should pay attention to nutrition and disease prevention, if you notice the above two major problems, the probability of enamel hypoplasia will be greatly reduced.
3, should eat foods containing more vitamin C, should be the highest amount of fresh fruits and vegetables.
4, should eat foods containing more vitamin D, such as a variety of liver, egg yolk or all kinds of finished cod liver oil, pills, etc., should normally give children normal supplements.
Complication
Enamel dysplasia complications Complications
Complications such as cusp defect or disappearance often occur.
Symptom
Symptoms of enamel hypoplasia Common symptoms Whitening on teeth to... Teeth yellowing newborn green teeth or tan teeth enamel corrosion
1. On the various tooth surfaces that develop during the same period, it can be multiple teeth, especially the lip and cutting edge of the anterior teeth, the cusp defect of the posterior teeth, the location of the enamel development disorder according to the teeth, and the affected teeth. Infer the relative age of involvement.
2. Mildness: The surface of the enamel is hard and smooth, showing a white or yellowish brown color, with a slightly poor gloss and no symptoms.
3. Symptoms: The surface of the enamel is brownish, with a band or pit-like depression, and generally no symptoms.
4. Severe: The surface of the enamel is brown, with a honeycomb defect, and even some cusp defects, the surface is rough, and the temperature and chemical stimulation can stimulate the pain.
[clinical manifestations]
1. The color of the tooth surface is changed and it is brown.
2. The teeth may have a band shape and a nest-like depression.
3. Parallel horizontal lines are visible on the tooth surface.
4. The cutting edge is thinned.
5. The cusp of the posterior teeth is missing or disappears.
6. Symmetry occurs.
7. Multiple defects.
Examine
Examination of enamel hypoplasia
1. Blood routine examination.
2. General photo inspection.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic identification of enamel hypoplasia
This disease should be distinguished from fluorosis.
1. The enamel dysplasia has a clear perimeter, and its ridges are in parallel with the enamel growth line; fluorosis is a long-term injury, so its plaques are scattered in the cloud, and the perimeter is not Clear and not consistent with the growth line.
2. Enamel hypoplasia can occur in a single tooth or a group of teeth; and fluorosis occurs in most teeth, especially in the upper jaw.
3. Patients with fluorosis can have a life history in the high fluoride area.
