Meniere's syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to Ménière's Syndrome Ménière's syndrome is an inner ear disease in which the membrane is lost in water. The main clinical manifestations of this disease are sudden dizziness, tinnitus, deafness or nystagmus. The vertigo has obvious seizure and intermittent periods. Most of the patients were middle-aged, and there was no significant difference in gender. The first time patients before the age of 50 accounted for about 65%, and most patients had single ear disease. The prevention of the disease is mainly low-salt diet and light diet: it is recommended that the daily intake of salt <1.0g. Properly control the amount of water intake. Avoid fatigue and irregular life. Keep your mood comfortable and avoid depression and other negative emotions. Ensure adequate sleep. Bedtime should be rested during the onset of the disease. Try to avoid light exposure and strong sound stimulation. During the intermittent period of the disease, it is recommended to strengthen exercise and enhance physical fitness. Avoid tobacco, alcohol, tea, coffee, etc. Avoid contact with allergens and control systemic allergic diseases. Actively treat systemic concomitant diseases. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: most middle-aged people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: ataxia
Cause
The cause of Meniere's syndrome
Cause:
The specific cause is unknown. Meniere's syndrome is a sudden onset of non-inflammatory labyrinthopathy, with symptoms such as dizziness, deafness, tinnitus and sometimes numbness in the affected ear, mostly in the case of single ear, the cause of which is unknown, male and female There is no significant difference in the rate. Most of the patients are young and middle-aged. The incidence of the elderly over 60 is rare. In recent years, there have been reports of children. The course of the disease is many days or weeks. There are many conclusions about the cause and the theory, such as allergic reaction and endocrine disorders. , vitamin deficiency and mental and neurological factors cause autonomic dysfunction, which causes vascular nerve dysfunction, increased capillary permeability, resulting in membrane water labyrinth, spiral tube and balloon enlargement, stimulating cochlear and vestibular receptors, causing tinnitus A series of clinical symptoms such as deafness, dizziness, etc., the disease can be relieved without treatment, although it can be repeated, the interval of seizures is uncertain, but there is also a seizure once again.
Prevention
Meniere's syndrome prevention
Low-salt diet and light diet: Recommended daily intake of salt <1.0g. Properly control the amount of water intake. Avoid fatigue and irregular life. Keep your mood comfortable and avoid depression and other negative emotions. Ensure adequate sleep. Bedtime should be rested during the onset of the disease. Try to avoid light exposure and strong sound stimulation. During the intermittent period of the disease, it is recommended to strengthen exercise and enhance physical fitness. Avoid tobacco, alcohol, tea, coffee, etc. Avoid contact with allergens and control systemic allergic diseases. Actively treat systemic concomitant diseases.
Complication
Meniere's syndrome complications Complications, ataxia
In addition to the episode of rotation, vomiting, and unbearable pain, the disease can also cause labyrinth, vestibular, and cochlear organ damage, resulting in loss of cochlear hair cell death and vestibular function, causing deafness, ataxia, and other harmful, middle-aged and elderly patients. Multiple episodes can also affect cerebral vascular regulation and brain microcirculation, thereby aggravating brain blood supply deficiency and inducing cerebral infarction embolism.
Symptom
Ménière's syndrome symptoms Common symptoms Swelling nerves tinnitus Blood pressure drop nausea Tinnitus Rotational vertigo Hearing allergies Deaf cold sweat persistent dizziness
1, dizziness: often without any aura and sudden onset of severe vertigo, often awakened from sleep or in the morning, the patient complained that the surrounding objects rotate around themselves, when they close their eyes, they feel that they are rotating in space, patients often Forced position, do not dare to move, move can make the symptoms of vertigo worse, conscious during the onset, nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, pale face and blood pressure drop symptoms, after a few hours or days, vertigo symptoms gradually disappear.
2, hearing impairment: listening to the fluctuations of sexy voice deafness, after the early relief of vertigo symptoms, hearing can be mostly or completely restored, can be caused by repeated episodes of repeated attacks, some patients still have high-sounding hypersensitivity.
3, tinnitus: for the possible signs before the onset of symptoms, tinnitus is a high tone, may be different, before the onset of the patient may increase tinnitus, seizures stop, tinnitus can gradually disappear.
4, the same side of the head and ear swell feeling, most patients have this symptom, or feel heavy head and feet.
Examine
Meniere's syndrome check
Since the majority of patients have had an episode at the time of the visit, or although the symptoms have been alleviated during the attack period, it is generally difficult to observe the signs of the high tide period. If the accident occurs, the patient may be bedridden, pale, and nervous. Fear expression, check visible:
1. Spontaneous nystagmus can be seen during the high tide of nystagmus.
2. Audiological examination includes: pure tone hearing threshold test, threshold upper functional test, acoustic impedance test, and cochlear electrogram test.
3. Glycerin test.
4, vestibular function test includes: hot and cold test, Hennebert sign.
5. CT scan of the humerus.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of Ménière's syndrome
Meniere's syndrome can be divided into eight types, and classification has important guiding significance for diagnosis and treatment.
1, common type, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, sweating and other symptoms appear at the same time, also known as common type.
2, the first ear tint type, tinnitus occurs before other symptoms, months, weeks and years.
3, heavy tinnitus type: tinnitus performance, tinnitus occurred, dizziness is easy to attack, dizziness is heavy, tinnitus is also heavy, vertigo treatment is good, tinnitus is not good, dizziness will relapse.
4, no tinnitus type, no more than 5 episodes of vertigo, no tinnitus.
5, sudden deafness type, during the vertigo episode, due to the extraordinarily large pressure, the membrane is broken, sudden deafness occurs, and the deafness is more-side, and there are also bilateral alternating occurrences. The early treatment of deafness is ideal.
6, delay vertigo, volatility, neurological, progressive tinnitus, hearing loss, (short time does not occur vertigo) stuns in a few years or even 20 years.
7, hidden tinnitus type, the patient's appearance does not have tinnitus, but the ear has blockage, swell, sultry, itching, slightly painful feeling, this is a kind of hidden Mening's syndrome without tinnitus.
8, vertigo state type, more than three episodes in a month, the patient is in a dizzy state, called the vertigo state type, also known as heavy.
Sudden deafness type is caused by sudden pressure on the labyrinth of the membrane due to excessive pressure. Sudden deafness caused by sudden rupture of the membrane labyrinth, early vertigo Neil Kang, can restore hearing, and other heavy tinnitus type, single cure vertigo, if the tinnitus is not cured Well, it can't effectively prevent recurrence. The vertigo state type is the heaviest in Meniere's syndrome. It has a great impact on the body and is dangerous. It is necessary to strengthen the care while paying attention to treatment.
