common peroneal nerve injury
Introduction
Introduction to common peroneal nerve injury The common peroneal nerve is easily damaged in the ankle and humeral head, resulting in paralysis of the anterolateral extensor of the lower leg, dysfunction of the dorsiflexion of the foot, valgus varus, and varus varus deformity. As well as the extension of the thumb and toe function, the flexion state, and the anterior and lateral anterior and lateral sensation of the calf. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications:
Cause
Causes of common peroneal nerve injury
(1) Causes of the disease
The common peroneal nerve is the branch of the sciatic nerve. Because the common peroneal nerve is in the neck of the humerus, the position is superficial, and on the surface of the bone, there are few soft tissues around it, and the mobility is poor. It is easy to be damaged there, such as splint, plaster crush and surgical injury. It is also uncommon for knee joint ligament injury combined with common peroneal nerve injury; critically ill patients stay in bed for a long time, and the lower limbs can also be crushed in the external rotation position.
(two) pathophysiology
The common peroneal nerve is in the axillary fossa along the inner edge of the biceps femoris. It is divided into the superficial and deep nerves. The former descends between the long and short muscles of the humerus, and the lower 1/3 of the lower leg wears the deep fascia to the medial and middle of the instep. The latter is between the extensor digitorum longus and the anterior tibialis anterior muscle, and the interosseous membrane descends, accompanied by the anterior iliac artery and vein, and the back of the thumb and toe long extensor muscle. It occupies the anterior lateral extensor muscles of the lower leg and the anterior and lateral skin of the calf. The common peroneal nerve is easily damaged in the ankle and humeral head, resulting in paralysis of the anterolateral extensor of the lower leg, dysfunction of the dorsiflexion of the foot, valgus varus, and varus varus deformity. As well as the extension of the thumb and toe function, the flexion state, and the anterior and lateral anterior and lateral sensation of the calf.
Prevention
Common peroneal nerve injury prevention
Clinical application of cast immobilization or splinting for the treatment of calf fractures should be done by adding a cotton pad to the head and neck of the humerus to avoid iatrogenic damage.
Complication
Common peroneal nerve injury complications Complications
Can be combined with the foot drooping inversion.
Symptom
Symptoms of common peroneal nerve injury Common symptoms Outside the calf and the back of the foot... Gastrocnemius tonic contraction... Scalding calf ankle muscle pain...
1. Exercise: Due to the tibialis anterior muscle of the calf extensor group, the long and short extensor muscles, the long and short extensors of the toes and the long and short tendons of the humerus, the ptosis of the foot occurs.
2. Feeling: The general nerve sensory branch is distributed on the outside of the calf and the back of the foot, so the area feels disappeared.
3. Nutrition: The back of the foot is susceptible to trauma, frostbite and burns, affecting function.
4, history of injury: due to the calf extensor group and the long and short tendon of the humerus, the foot is sag, the lateral side of the calf and the back of the foot are lost, and the EMG examination can determine the degree of injury and injury.
Examine
Examination of common peroneal nerve injury
No relevant laboratory tests.
Electrophysiological examination: the total nerve conduction velocity of the affected side is slowed down, the amplitude is decreased, the latency of F wave or H reflection is prolonged; the latency of SEP is prolonged, the amplitude is decreased, and the wave interval is prolonged; the electromyography of the common peroneal nerve is mostly lost. Nerve potential, while the healthy side is normal.
Ultrasound can accurately show the peripheral nerves, especially the common peroneal nerve, which can provide clinical morphological data of the general neuropathological conditions, which can provide a reference for surgical treatment.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of common peroneal nerve injury
Mainly based on the history of trauma and clinical manifestations.
