anorexia nervosa
Introduction
Introduction to anorexia nervosa Anorexia nervosa, also known as anorexia nervosa, is a mental eating disorder characterized by deliberate dieting and weight loss. It occurs mostly in adolescence (about 85% of the disease occurs between 13 and 20 years old), while the prevalence of women is about ten times higher than that of men, and the disease can last from several months to several years. Some people who are overweight before going on a diet are still on a diet until normal weight. Others maintain their weight because of their professional needs, such as singers, actors, models and athletes. They have a higher prevalence rate. Anorexia is also caused by more affluent families, and other family members of patients are more likely to have similar illnesses. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hypotension constipation anemia dehydration insomnia
Cause
Cause of anorexia nervosa
Genetic (30%):
Among the siblings of the patients, the same patients have 6% to I0%, which is much higher than the expected prevalence of the normal population, indicating that heredity plays a role in the occurrence of this disease, and patients have severe thermoregulatory disorders and menstrual disorders. It suggests that damage to the thalamus may be the biological basis of the disease.
Psychological development (25%):
Patients with this disease have physical image disorders, and their psychological development and quality may be related to the following factors.
1 There are dietary problems in infants and young children;
2 The parents of the patient are too concerned about diet;
3 Family relationships have affected the development of childhood self-identification. Some people think that anorexia is a manifestation of regression in childhood and an avoidance of emotional problems in adolescence.
Social factors (15%):
Most of them come from families with high social status or rich economy; the prevalence of urban population is higher than that of rural people; in cities, the prevalence of girls in private schools is higher than that of ordinary schools.
Prevention
Anorexia nervosa prevention
Please pay more attention to your daily diet and life:
1. Pay more attention to protein, fat and carbohydrate supplements, such as eating more meat, eggs, milk and fruits and vegetables.
2. Regular meals are eaten regularly for three meals, and snacks can be added once in the afternoon if necessary.
3. Not alone after meals, to prevent vomiting.
4. Keep the rules of life and have a good mood.
5. Cultivate your own correct aesthetics, and do not blindly pursue fashion.
6. If you are unable to make it yourself, you should seek medical treatment as soon as possible or hospitalization.
Complication
Anorexia nervosa complications Complications, hypotension, constipation, anemia, dehydration, insomnia
Deliberate dieting, resulting in menstrual stop, sexual dysfunction, developmental retardation, hypotension, hypokalemia, dizziness, constipation, anemia, dehydration, vitamin deficiency, gastritis or temperament, emotional instability, easy to lose sleep.
Symptom
Anorexia nervosa symptoms Common symptoms Emotional anorexia Summer anorexia is a serious case of weight loss..." Bradycardia hypotension weight loss diuretic weight loss amenorrhea hair loss
1. Endless weight loss and fear of weight gain.
2, to the end of the disease, due to long-term lack of food intake, there may be loss of appetite.
3, patients mainly carry out various activities around reducing weight, such as intentional diet, strict control of the amount of staple food and fat, protein intake, increase the daily activity, far below the patient's weight standard, often presented Pregnant, extremely thin, severely malnourished body state, on the contrary, patients are pleased or calm. Most patients still think that they or a certain part of their own is still "fat", and for this reason uneasy, adhere to the "weight loss" activities.
4, anorexia nervosa patients with intentional control of food intake as a necessary symptom, food intake is much less than ordinary people, or only choose low-energy recipes. Some patients can not tolerate hunger during the course of the disease, but have paroxysmal bulimia, alternating with low food or fasting and bulimia.
5. What are the manifestations of anorexia nervosa? Nearly half of patients with anorexia nervosa have psychosocial factors before onset, and about 1/3 of patients have mild obesity symptoms before onset.
6, anorexia nervosa occurs in women, especially 12 to 18 years old pre-puberty or early adolescent women. It is rare to develop after 30 years of age.
7. What are the manifestations of anorexia nervosa? Experts point out that patients often have body vision disorders who are overweight or partially obese. Even if it is obviously thin, it will still be considered not thin.
8, the general anorexia nervosa patients are extremely worried about getting fat, often using excessive exercise, vomiting, catharsis, taking appetite suppressants or diuretics, hiding or discarding food to reduce weight.
9, some patients with anorexia nervosa can be accompanied by compulsive symptoms and depression, easy to cause complications.
10. What are the manifestations of anorexia nervosa? Experts point out that some patients have symptoms of weight loss, which are 25% lower than in the past or ordinary people. In severe cases, the degree of weight loss can be reached.
11. Some patients have sexual function and sexual developmental disorders. Women have amenorrhea, and men have sexual sensitization or impotence. Prepubertal, sexual psychology and physiological developmental delay.
Examine
Anorexia nervosa examination
Check the body:
(1) Weight loss, subcutaneous fat disappears.
(2) Blood pressure, body temperature, and pulse reduction.
(3) Axillary cyanosis.
(4) Dry skin and hair loss.
(5) bloating, constipation.
(6) Reluctant to eat, prone to diarrhea, eating is significantly lower than ordinary people.
Dieting causes weight loss, at least one of the following criteria: 1 more than 25% less than the original weight (less than 15% is suspicious); 2 is 25% lower than the standard weight (less than 15% is suspicious); 3Qutelet weight The index [weight kg / (height m2)] is lower than 17.5. The number of cm in height is reduced by 105, which is the number of kilograms of normal weight. The Qutelet index is one kilogram of body weight/(height meters) and the Qutelet index is 17.5 or lower, which can be considered as a weight loss that is diagnosed.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of anorexia nervosa
diagnosis
1) The amount of food intake is significantly lower than that of ordinary people.
2) Dieting results in weight loss, at least one of the following criteria:
1 is more than 25% lighter than the original weight (less than 15% is suspicious);
2 is 25% lower than the standard weight (less than 15% is suspicious);
The 3Qutelet body mass index [weight kg/(height m2)] is below 17.5.
1 height and cm number minus 105, that is, the number of kilograms of normal weight, Qutelet index a weight of kilograms / (height meters), Qutelet index of 17.5 or lower, can be considered as a diagnosis of weight loss.
3) Worried about getting fat and thinking that you are too fat.
4) If there are female patients, there are often amenorrhea.
5) Anorexia and weight loss are not caused by physical illness or other mental illnesses.
Differential diagnosis
1) Eliminate physical diseases that can cause anorexia and weight loss, such as chronic wasting diseases, intestinal malabsorption syndrome, brain tumors, and the like.
2) Eliminate anorexia caused by primary mental illness such as depression or schizophrenia.
