hemangioendothelioma
Introduction
Introduction to hemangioendothelioma Primary malignant hemangioendothelioma, also known as angiosarcoma or endothelium sarcoma, is extremely rare. It was first reported by Kokodny in 1926. By 1971, there were only a hundred foreign documents, and few reports were reported in China. The definition proposed by Huvos refers to "the formation of irregular but mutually matching lumens in tumors, with one or several layers of atypical endothelial cells as borders, with metastatic and immature tumor cells." Spjut proposed: "Vascular endothelial sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that originates from the vascular system cells of the bone or its precursor cells. The endothelial cells have obvious tumor cell expression and have a tendency to form a curved and mutually consistent blood vessel." The disease accounts for 0.1% to 0.4% of bone tumors, 0.5% to 1% of malignant bone tumors, and 4.2% of primary spinal tumors. More men than women, the age of onset of 10 to 40 years old accounted for 70%. The disease is mostly single, occasionally multiple, the good hair is the long bones of the limbs. The spine is rare, mainly located in the chest, lumbar vertebrae and atlas, and the cervical spine is occasionally reported. The tumor consists of bone vascular endothelial cells or mesenchymal cells that differentiate into the endothelium. It has a high degree of malignancy and rapid growth, and lung metastasis often occurs earlier. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: lung metastases, metastatic tumors of the lungs
Cause
Cause of hemangioendothelioma
As with other tumors, there is no exact cause.
The tumor is dark red, with no obvious capsule, tough texture, and abundant blood vessels. It can be seen under the microscope as many irregularly anastomosed vascular lumens, often lined with single or multiple layers of atypical naive cells with low Bottom-differentiated or anaplastic tissue mass, endothelial cells can be bud-like, making the tumor papillary, a large number of hyperplastic capillaries, tend to coincide with each other.
Prevention
Hemangioendothelial prevention
1. Adjust daily life and workload, and regularly carry out activities and exercise to avoid fatigue.
2. Maintain emotional stability and avoid emotional excitement and tension. 3. Keep the stool smooth, avoid using stools, eat more fruits and high-fiber foods. 4. Avoid cold irritation and keep warm.Complication
Hemangioendothelioma complications Complications, lung metastases, lung metastatic tumors
The disease is highly malignant, and lung metastasis often occurs earlier.
Symptom
Symptoms of hemangioendotheloma Common symptoms Vascular hyperplasia Systemic vascular damage Hardening of the arteries
The most common sites are the skin of the head and face, the deep muscles of the breasts and thighs, followed by the retroperitoneum, the trunk and the skin of the extremities. The tumor is highly malignant. It is often transferred to the liver, lung, bone and lymphatic metastasis at an early stage. To the lymph nodes of the drainage area.
Examine
Examination of hemangioendothelioma
1. The angiosarcoma of the skin seen by the naked eye is often located in the dermis. It is a round or oval-shaped purplish red nodule with an average size of 3 cm. Sometimes a small nodule of the satellite is visible around the tumor. When the epidermis invades the epidermis, it can form a ulcer with bleeding. In the deep muscles, the tumor is larger, the tumor boundary is unclear, there is no capsule, and it is invasive growth. Most of the tumors have gray-white replenishing lesions and blood-containing sponge-like areas.
2. The morphology of the tumor cells seen under the microscope is fusiform, oval, and the tumor cells enclose an irregular, mutually coincident, fissile or branched vascular lumen, except for a few rapidly growing tumor cells that can break through the basement membrane. The tumor cells are located in the membrane and are characteristic images of the tumor.
3. X-ray examination is often non-specific, mainly manifested as osteolytic changes, which can be limited to bone cancellous, bone marrow cavity, but also cancellous bone and cortical bone, and the damaged area is single or multiple bright areas. , showing worm-like, patchy, unclear borders, non-reactive new bone hyperplasia, rare periosteal reaction, in highly malignant, no trabecular bone in the tumor, unclear margin, cortical bone can be penetrated, invade Soft tissue around.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of hemangioendothelioma
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made based on medical history, clinical manifestations, and examination.
Differential diagnosis
Histologically, mucinous liposarcoma is rich in blood vessels, and new blood vessels need to be differentially diagnosed with angiosarcoma, but fat cells can be seen in liposarcoma.
