Scalp and Skull Burns
Introduction
Introduction to scalp and skull burns The disease is caused by head contact with high temperature, electric shock and chemical damage caused by scalp and skull. Due to the time, concentration, intensity, location and range of head contact, the degree of damage is not the same. It is not uncommon in clinical practice, but there are not many reports. Before the application of conservative treatment and antibiotics, it often causes degeneration, necrosis and exudation, causing bacterial infection, leading to disease deterioration and even life-threatening. In recent times, necrotic tissue resection is used, followed by wound reduction and suture, transfer flap and skin grafting. The use of antibiotic treatment, the effect is good. Due to the advancement of microsurgical techniques, some people have made new progress in the use of free omentum to anastomize their blood vessels and scalp blood vessels after the necrotic tissue is completely removed. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cerebral edema, arrhythmia, headache, paralysis, epilepsy, skull defect
Cause
Causes of scalp and skull burns
There are many causes of burns on the scalp and skull, mainly due to a series of pathological changes caused by the proximity or exposure of various types of harmful substances, such as high temperature hot water, hot oil, high heat stove, melted glass, asphalt, molten iron, burning coal. , high temperature and high pressure steam, electric shock, lightning damage, high voltage arc burn, etc., more chemical burns, strong acid, strong alkali, flammable and explosive substances, including ether, ethanol, acetone, acetylene, Burns caused by explosions and combustion caused by gasoline, natural gas, gunpowder, explosives, etc., as well as radiation-induced damage, such as particle radiation in ionizing radiation generated by deep X-rays and nuclear fission, in which alpha particles, protons Flow and neutron flux damage the tissue most seriously. The common feature of burns caused by various reasons is that the longer the head is applied, the larger the area is. The higher the concentration and temperature, the higher the dose and the more serious the burn.
Prevention
Scalp and skull burn prevention
Try to avoid exposure to high temperature, high voltage, chemical and other harmful substances as the main measures to prevent this disease.
Complication
Scalp and skull burn complications Complications, cerebral edema, arrhythmia, headache, epilepsy, skull defect
The main complications are scalp and skull infections. When the scalp and skull are severely burned, it can affect local brain tissue, causing cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure and nervous system dysfunction. It is clinically characterized by headache, nausea and vomiting. Limb paralysis, aphasia, epilepsy, etc., electric burns and lightning strikes can cause myocardial damage at the same time, manifested as blood pressure drop, arrhythmia, etc., if combined with large areas of burns in other parts of the body, there may be high fever, a large amount of exudation of the wound and Plasma low protein and other manifestations, skull defects and epilepsy are the main sequelae.
Symptom
Scalp and skull burn symptoms Common symptoms Nausea and vomiting tissue fluid exudation arrhythmia Blood pressure drop tissue necrosis
According to the patient's head contact with high temperature, high voltage, chemical and other harmful substances, the time and intensity of the action, as well as the systemic and local manifestations after the injury, combined with the results of the auxiliary examination, determine the nature, extent and extent of the burn Diagnosis is generally more difficult.
Examine
Examination of scalp and skull burns
Bacterial infection immunoassay, scalp examination, body temperature measurement, blood pressure, general condition examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of scalp and skull burns
Mild scalp burns need to be distinguished from violent contusions, scalp infections, and other causes. Generally, there is no difficulty in identifying them according to their medical history.
