Anemia due to acute blood loss
Introduction
Introduction to anemia caused by acute blood loss Acute hemorrhagic anemia is caused by rupture of blood vessels caused by trauma or disease, or a large amount of blood is lost in a short period of time due to coagulation or hemostasis. It not only affects blood volume but also causes anemia after acute blood loss. The initial storage of iron does not decrease. The clinical manifestations of acute blood loss depend on the amount and rate of blood loss, as well as the patient's original state of health and age. Most healthy young people can tolerate 500 to 1000 ml (equivalent to 10% to 20% of blood volume) blood loss, rarely cause symptoms, and no anemia, but about 5% of people have symptoms due to "vascular vagal response" . In the short term, the blood loss is 1000-1500ml (20%-30% of the total blood volume). For example, healthy young people have stable mental state. After a quiet rest, the supine position can be free of symptoms, but cardiovascular symptoms and erectism can occur after the activity. Low blood pressure. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: shock
Cause
Causes of anemia caused by acute blood loss
Trauma factors (65%):
Causes of acute blood loss can be caused by trauma, car accidents, sharp injuries, surgery and other factors.
Disease factor (30%):
Bronchiectasis or tuberculosis with massive hemoptysis, peptic ulcer or tumor bleeding, variceal bleeding, ectopic pregnancy, etc., can eventually lead to anemia.
Prevention
Anemia prevention caused by acute blood loss
Prevention of the disease is the key to timely prevention and treatment of the primary disease.
Complication
Anemia complications caused by acute blood loss Complications
The common complication of this disease is shock.
Symptom
Symptoms of anemia caused by acute blood loss Common symptoms: pale pulse, fine heart discharge, reduced blood loss, excessive anemia, anemia shock
Hypoxemia
The hypovolemia occurs in the first 2 to 3 days after acute hemorrhage, and may have mild anemia or no anemia. The severity of symptoms is consistent with the reduction of blood volume, with reduced cardiac output and/or peripheral vasodilation. Causes signs of insufficient blood perfusion in the tissue.
Anemia
In the early stage of acute blood loss, there is generally no anemia or only mild anemia. After 2 to 3 days of acute blood loss, the symptoms of anemia are most significant.
Examine
Examination of anemia caused by acute blood loss
During acute bleeding and immediately after hemorrhage, red blood cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit are increased due to vasoconstriction, but within a few hours the tissue fluid enters the blood circulation and the blood is diluted. The red blood cell count and hemoglobin decrease are consistent with the severity of bleeding. The anemia produced is normal red blood cell, and the number of multinucleated granulocytes and platelets may increase in the first few hours. There may be signs of regeneration (reticulocyte increase) in the days after hemorrhage, and the young granules may appear on the blood smear. Increased cells and mild red blood cells; if the amount of bleeding is large and sudden, occasionally young red blood cells and immature white blood cells can appear.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of anemia caused by acute blood loss
With visible blood or signs of bleeding, clinically low blood volume and anemia, the diagnosis is more difficult. The identification of this disease is mainly the identification of the cause of bleeding.
