electric shock
Introduction
Introduction to electric shock When a certain current or electric energy (electrostatic) causes damage, dysfunction or even death through the human body, it is called electric shock, commonly known as electric shock. Lightning strikes are also an electric shock. A mild electric shock can appear pale, sluggish, and unresponsive to the surroundings. Consciously nervous, weak limbs, and weak. Most of the fainters are due to extreme panic. In severe cases, coma, ventricular fibrillation, dilated pupils, respiratory arrest and death may occur. Some patients have very weak heartbeat and breathing after being electrocuted, and even stop temporarily. They are in a "fake death state". Therefore, it is necessary to seriously identify and not give up the rescue of electric shock patients. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: 0.03% - 0.05% (more common in electricians and children) Susceptible people: people who lack knowledge of safe electricity use and do not operate electricity according to regulations Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: acute renal failure shock
Cause
Cause of electric shock
Cause
Lack of knowledge of safe electricity, installation and maintenance of electrical appliances, wires are not operated according to the regulations, hanging clothes on the wires, high temperature, high humidity and sweating reduce the surface resistance of the skin, easily cause electrical damage, and the wires are broken into the human body in accidents and In the thunderstorm, when the tree is under the rain or hit by lightning with an iron umbrella, it can cause electrical damage. The human body acts as a conductor, which becomes part of the circuit when it contacts the current. The weight and voltage of the human body are damaged, the current is strong, the DC and AC power, the frequency is high, the power-on time, the contact area, the current direction and the environment of the environment. The conditions are closely related, and the relationship with the voltage is greater, the voltage of 40V is the risk of tissue damage, 220V can cause ventricular fibrillation.
Prevention
Electric shock prevention
First-aid measures: If someone is found to have an electric shock, they must race against time as a rescuer, making full use of the existing local conditions at the time, so that the electric shocker can quickly get out of the power supply. Never touch the electric shock directly by hand. This not only causes the electric shocker to act as a conductor again, but also increases the damage of the current, and the rescuer's own life safety is threatened by electric shock. The correct method of ambulance is to first remove the electric shock from the power source.
a. Turn off the power: If the electric shock occurs at home, you can quickly remove the power by unplugging the power outlet, turning off the power switch, and pulling the power supply to the main knife.
b. Breaking circuit: If electric shock is caused by touching the wire that is cut off in the field during outings and construction, the large wire, axe, iron shovel, etc., which are dried with a wooden handle, can be used to break the electric wire and interrupt the current.
c. Pick up the wire: If the person's body is knocked down by the drooping wire, the wire is tightly connected to the body, and the power switch cannot be found nearby. The rescuer can stand on the dry wood or plastic insulation. Dry wood rods, poles, bamboo poles, canes and other insulations will pick up the wires that touch the human body.
d. Pulling off the electric shock: If the electric shocker's hand is tightly connected to the electric wire, it cannot be picked up. You can use a large dry wooden stick to remove the electric shock from the electric shock.
Complication
Electric shock complications Complications acute renal failure shock
High-voltage can cause coagulation and necrosis of muscles or other internal tissues between the power point and ground point of current. Severe edema and muscle swelling caused by venous coagulation can cause lacunar syndrome, hypotension, fluid and electrolyte disorders and serious Myosinuria can cause acute renal failure, dislocation, spine or other fractures, blunt trauma or loss of expression can be caused by strong muscle contraction or secondary to electrical shock (such as electric currents causing people to fall and fall).
Symptom
Symptoms of electric shock common symptoms pale pale stagnation deafness single sputum intestinal dysfunction intestinal perforation convulsion proteinuria skin vasoconstriction...
1. Partially manifested in the "input port" and "outlet port" visible in the contact power supply and current penetration. The skin at the electrical inlet is burnt yellow or taupe by electric spark, even carbonized, and the damage is deep, sometimes reaching muscles and bones. If the electric shock is accompanied by high temperature arc flash or electric spark burn, the surrounding skin may be accompanied by a wide range of thermal burns. The eschar of the injury part begins to fall off after 2 to 3 weeks, which can be followed by blood and infection.
2, the whole body performance is different due to the type of arc, the level of voltage and the length of contact time. In severe cases, there are shock, coma, muscle rigidity, respiratory arrest, ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest.
Examine
Electric shock inspection
The basic examination of all electric shocks should include: electrocardiogram, myocardial enzymes, whole blood count, urine analysis, especially myosin determination. If there is any sign of myocardial damage, arrhythmia or chest pain should be 12 hours. Monitoring.
Diagnosis
Electric shock diagnosis and identification
Some patients have very weak heartbeat and breathing after being electrocuted, and even stop temporarily. They are in a "fake death state". Therefore, it is necessary to seriously identify and not give up the rescue of electric shock patients.
