sinus barotrauma
Introduction
Introduction to sinus pressure trauma This disease is caused by sinus mucosal damage and inflammation caused by the negative pressure in the sinus and the external air pressure cannot be balanced in time when the external atmospheric pressure changes drastically. Occur in the frontal sinus and maxillary sinus. Pilots and divers are prone to this disease. The pressure inside and outside the sinus is out of balance, the relative negative pressure in the sinus is getting bigger and bigger, causing vasodilation of the nasal mucosa, leakage of serum, diffuse edema of the mucous membrane, and even submucosal dissection and hemorrhage. The purulent secretion is inhaled into the sinus. Secondary acute suppurative sinusitis. The main care of this disease is not to eat spicy food and sweets, diet should be balanced, light diet is appropriate, eat more vegetables, fruits, avoid eating eggplant, eating eggplant will make the wound edema, and cause inflammation, can not drink, eat Seafood foods are not conducive to long-term wounds, try to eat as little as possible; eat less deep foods in sauces to avoid darker wounds. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sinusitis
Cause
Sinus pressure traumatic cause
The sinus opening of the normal person remains open. When the external air pressure mutates, the sinus air pressure can quickly balance with the outside world, and no air pressure damage will occur.
If there are obstructive factors in the sinus ostium (such as nasal polyps, mucosal edema or nasal degeneration) or high nasal septum with rhinitis, when the aircraft rises and the outside air pressure becomes lower, the air in the sinus can barely escape; When the aircraft accelerates down and the external pressure suddenly becomes high, the diseased tissue is pressed to the sinus ostium, and the valve is blocked. The pressure inside and outside the sinus is out of balance, and the relative negative pressure in the sinus is getting larger and larger, causing blood vessels in the nasal mucosa to dilate. Leakage, diffuse edema of the mucous membrane, and even submucosal dissection and hemorrhage, purulent secretions are inhaled into the sinus, which will be followed by acute suppurative sinusitis.
Prevention
Sinus pressure trauma prevention
Strengthen health checkups and health supervision. During the onset of rhinitis, it is forbidden to fly or dive. It is found that diseases that interfere with sinus drainage such as nasal septum deviation and nasal polyps should be actively treated.
Complication
Sinus pressure trauma complications Complications sinusitis
Patients with combined purulent infections have worsened symptoms for a longer period of time with fever.
Symptom
Sinus pressure trauma symptoms Common symptoms Acute pain, nasal congestion, nasal secretions, trauma, intranasal pain, secondary infection, nasal defect, dull pain, barotrauma
1. Pain: It is changed from partial swelling to dull pain. It can be located in the forehead, underarm, internal hemorrhoids, etc. The surface may have toothache, which may cause eye pain or upper toothache.
2. Blood stasis: When the pain is relieved, there is an increase in nasal secretions and blood sputum, and more tests can be found from the middle nasal passage.
3. X-ray film or CT scan: visible sinus mucosa thickening, sinus cavity opacity, sometimes visible liquid level, submucosal hematoma, visible semi-circular shadow.
4. Secondary infection: Some cases have fever, nasal congestion, purulent sinus and other symptoms of acute sinusitis, prolonged for several weeks.
Examine
Sinus pressure trauma examination
X-ray film is helpful for diagnosis, X-ray film or CT scan: visible sinus mucosa thickening, sinus cavity opacity, sometimes visible liquid level, submucosal hematoma, semi-circular shadow.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic diagnosis of sinus pressure trauma
Identification with other sinus wounds.
Pain in the forehead or upper canine area after flying or diving, as well as numbness, stuffy nose, nosebleed and other symptoms on the cheek, combined with nasal examination, X-ray film or CT examination, can confirm the diagnosis.
