congenital scoliosis
Introduction
Introduction to congenital scoliosis Congenital scoliosis is caused by the formation of abnormal vertebral bodies. The vertebral body is missing, and the combination of hemivertebra or vertebral body can cause asymmetric growth, which causes secondary malformation, due to age, gender, deformity, and side of the patient. The degree of convexity, length of the segment, type of deformity, flexibility and progression are different, and the doctor should choose different treatments. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: young children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anal atresia urinary tract obstruction
Cause
Congenital scoliosis
Congenital scoliosis and other congenital malformations, the cause is not clear, most scholars believe that embryonic development is caused by abnormalities, and the genetic relationship is not clear.
Prevention
Congenital scoliosis prevention
The disease is a congenital disease, no effective preventive measures, early diagnosis and early treatment is the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
In addition, the timely detection of parents is also an effective measure to prevent further damage caused by this disease. Identification points: Because scoliosis patients are not painful and itchy, no symptoms, if parents do not pay attention, it is often difficult to find early, there are several ways Help early discovery:
First, pay attention to whether the child's back is symmetrical during bathing. Is there a local uplift? If there is any doubt, let the child bend forward, keep the knee straight, and stand on the opposite side of the child. If there is any asymmetry, you should go to the hospital to film. an examination.
The second is to check whether the skin has abnormal hair, color or tumor-like protrusions, abnormal hair often suggests spina bifida and other deformities, while color sputum or subcutaneous multiple masses suggest neurofibromas.
The third is to check whether the child has abnormal gait. If there is a pelvic level, the age of the different scoliosis is different. Therefore, the child should be checked regularly to avoid delay in diagnosis and treatment.
Complication
Congenital scoliosis complications Complications, anal atresia, urinary tract obstruction
Congenital scoliosis patients with many other malformations, the highest proportion of which is the abnormalities of the genitourinary system, such as single kidney, double ureter, cross-renal ectopic, urinary tract obstruction, etc., in addition to often accompanied by Many other abnormalities, such as congenital heart disease, Spregel's malformation, Klippell Feil malformation, Goldenhar syndrome, total humeral or semi-tibial hypoplasia, anal atresia, etc.
There are also many patients with spinal cord abnormalities. The spinal cord longitudinal fissure and tethered cord syndrome are the most common. Therefore, patients with congenital scoliosis should be thoroughly examined and correctly diagnosed. The most important for congenital scoliosis is the most important. It is to judge the progress of scoliosis, but sometimes it is difficult to make a decision at the time of initial diagnosis. For example, some patients with mixed malformation may have multiple deformities at the same time, including the half-vertebral body, the bone bridge, and the deformed parts may offset each other. The role of the spine to achieve balance, the possibility of progress is small, so close follow-up is needed to make a timely and correct assessment of the potential of malformation.
Symptom
Congenital scoliosis symptoms Common symptoms Thoracic deformity Radioactive pain Torso deformity Bending Indigestion Loss of appetite
According to the type of deformity, the scoliosis is classified into two types: the formation disorder, the segmentation defect and the mixed malformation. The most typical example of the formation of the disorder is the hemivertebra; the typical segmentation is the bone bridge, that is, two or more One or both sides of the vertebral body are connected; the mixed type has the same two types of deformities in the same patient.
Secondary thoracic deformities caused by scoliosis, such as severe deformities, can cause a reduction in the volume of the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity, leading to visceral dysfunction, such as different degrees of heart shift, accelerated heart rate, reduced vital capacity, indigestion, loss of appetite The nerve root can have traction symptoms on the convex side, compression symptoms can occur on the concave side, nerve root stimulation can cause radiation pain in the chest and abdomen, and spinal cord dysfunction can also occur due to visceral dysfunction. The whole body is often underdeveloped, the trunk is short, the physical strength is weak, and the cardiopulmonary reserve is poor.
Examine
Examination of congenital scoliosis
During the examination, the child is suspended from the armpit, observe the stiffness of the scoliosis, perform neurological examination, increase or decrease the muscle tension, and understand whether there are other congenital malformations, sling and supine spine. Full-length positive lateral radiographs were observed for Cobb angle, Mehta sign and rib angle difference.
Obvious scoliosis, general physical examination can determine the diagnosis, but for the angle of the scoliosis, still need to be confirmed by X-ray film.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of congenital scoliosis
1, posture scoliosis: often caused by some incorrect posture, often found in school-age children, this type of scoliosis is not serious, when the patient is lying or using both hands to pull the horizontal bar suspended, the deformity can be It disappears automatically.
2, neuropathic scoliosis: due to poliomyelitis, neurofibromatosis, syringomyelia, cerebral palsy, etc. caused by imbalance of muscle tension, the younger the age of onset, the more severe the scoliosis.
3, thoracic pathological scoliosis: juvenile irritable or tuberculous pleurisy, pleural over-thickness and contracture in the case; or thoracoplasty in childhood, disturbing the balance of the spine during development, can cause the spine Scoliosis.
4, malnutrition scoliosis: children with rickets due to vitamin D deficiency can also occur scoliosis.
In addition, in the case of disc herniation, the nerve right is stimulated or oppressed; one side of the peri-renal inflammation, muscle spasm, due to various primitive difficulties caused by the unequal length of both lower limbs, can cause functional scoliosis, fracture dislocation or spine Tuberculosis can also cause scoliosis.
