chondroma
Introduction
Introduction to chondroma Chondromas are more common in benign bone tumors. Endogenous (myelinated) chondromas are chondromas that occur in the medullary cavity and are most common. Subperiosteal (cortical) chondromas are less common, and those with multiple hemangioma of the chondroma are called Maffuci syndrome. Chondromas are more common in single hair; more common in multiple cases, and have the characteristics of symmetrical growth on the one side, lower limbs or upper and lower limbs, and combined with limb developmental malformation, also known as endogenous chondromatosis; Lateral limbs are also known as Ollier's disease. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hemangioma
Cause
Chondroma cause
Cartilage damage (40%)
After the bone injury, the surrounding cartilage will also be damaged, the collaterals will be injured, the qi stagnation and blood stasis, resulting in meridians, so early local swelling, pain, movement disorders, poor prognosis, this time to form chondromas.
Chronic infection (20%)
Generally, factors such as viral infection cause inflammation of the cartilage. The cartilage itself has no blood vessels, and its blood supply mainly comes from the perichondrium. After the infection of the perichondrium, the cartilage is necrotic due to no blood supply, causing the infection to prolong, and the inflammatory reaction leads to the formation of pus and granulation tissue around the costal cartilage. If the treatment and prognosis are poor, it may cause chondroma.
Other factors (15%)
Radioactive stimulation, genetic and translocation of the bone development process have also been found to be associated with the disease.
Prevention
Chondroma prevention
There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Malignant changes are treated according to the principle of malignant bone tumor.
Preventing chondromas can start with diet
1. Limitation, smoking, and intake of nitrite-containing foods.
Second, maintain the ideal weight.
Third, intake of a variety of food.
Fourth, the daily diet includes a variety of vegetables and fruits.
5. Ingest more high-fiber foods (such as whole grain cereals, beans, vegetables, and fruits).
6. Reduce total fat intake.
7. Limit the intake of alcoholic beverages.
Complication
Chondroma complications Complications
The disease can be malignant, with an incidence of 5% to 20%.
Symptom
Symptoms of chondroma Common symptoms Diffuse periosteal thickening Bone pain Joint pain Forearm has pronation deformity Knee varus or hem varus (toe) swelling
Most of the patients are between the ages of 10 and 50. The course of the disease is slow, and there is no obvious symptom. Usually, after several years, the tumor grows up, causing malformation or intermittent pain. The patient is paying attention to the multiple endogenous chondroma. The upper limbs are gradually thickened, the ulna is often shorter than the humerus, and the forearm is deformed to the ulnar side. In the lower limbs, the toes are swollen, the knees are everted, and the lengths of the lower limbs are different.
Examine
Chondroscopy
X-ray signs of chondroma: at the center of the finger (toe) bone. It can be seen that the edges are clear, neat and sac-like transparent shadows, and the involved cortical bones are expanded and thinned. In the transparent shadows, scattered sand-like densification points can be seen. Occurred in the palm () bone, the tumor has a large shadow, often at the end of the bone, the expansion of the cortical bone is also significant, no periosteal reaction. Occurred in the long bones of the extremities, the tumor has a wide range of shadows. When the tumor is malignant, cortical destruction and periosteal reaction can be seen.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of chondroma
Diagnostic points of chondroma:
1. More common in young and middle-aged, the central part of the short tubular bone of the hand and foot is more common, mostly in the phalanx and metacarpal bone, often multiple. Pelvis, ribs and long tubular bones are often single.
2. The lesion is partially swollen and has mild pain and tenderness, and pathological fracture can occur. Malignant transformation is rare, and the tumor suddenly increases and the pain is aggravated.
3. X-ray and pathological examination can confirm the diagnosis.
