Perianal eczema
Introduction
Introduction to perianal eczema Perianal eczema is a common non-infectious skin disease. The lesions are mostly confined to the skin around the anus. It also occasionally spreads to the buttocks, perineum and clitoris. Localized rash, erythema, erosion, exudation, scarring, and detachment Scrap, long course, the skin around the anus is often thickened, the color is gray or dark red, rough, resulting in cleft palate, exudation, itching, repeated hair as the main feature, can occur at any age. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bacterial infection
Cause
The cause of perianal eczema
Primary and secondary (45%):
The etiology of eczema is complex and variable, and it is caused by a variety of factors, including physical, chemical, biological external factors and internal neurological imbalances, metabolic dysfunction, organ dysfunction, manifested in clinical is a non-special Heterosexual allergic reaction, it is difficult to confirm that a simple factor causes eczema, and it is difficult to cure the symptoms by eliminating a certain factor. The cause is divided into primary and secondary. The former cause is unknown. The latter is mostly caused by anal fistula and anal. Caused by inflammation such as cracks or secretions.
Allergies and disease factors (15%):
Allergies are the main cause of morbidity, both internal and external, such as infections, sensitized foods, drugs or exposure to certain allergens. In certain diseases such as endocrine disorders, malnutrition, digestive disorders, intestinal parasitic diseases, etc., the patient's sensitivity to certain allergic substances is easily induced.
Local lesions and other factors (15%):
Chronic inflammatory stimuli such as sputum, anal fistula, anal fissure, anal incontinence and other diseases can also be induced. The anus is directly stimulated by iodine, alcohol, strong acid and alkali to induce eczema. Due to excessive fatigue, mental stress, depression, insomnia, etc. can also induce the disease.
Prevention
Perianal eczema prevention
Remove all kinds of causes that may cause eczema, for various chronic diseases such as chronic tonsillitis, dental caries, sinusitis; various anorectal chronic diseases such as sputum, anal fistula, anal sinusitis should be actively treated, eat less pepper, white wine and other irritating foods Analyze all kinds of articles, utensils and substances that may be sensitized in the chemical, and remove them. If there are suspected allergic symptoms such as erythema and itching in the course of medication, stop the medicine immediately and keep the anus clean. Hygiene, avoid scratching, rubbing, avoid soaking with soapy water and irritating drugs, bath or external application, so as not to aggravate the condition, to prevent diarrhea or constipation and other induced causes.
Complication
Perianal eczema complications Complications bacterial infection
Itching of the itching followed by blood infection, bacterial infection, severe cases of surrounding cellulitis.
Symptom
Perianal eczema symptoms Common symptoms Anal skin with eczema itching anal skin flushing anal eczema itching pustules scaly ecchymosis rashes bloody scars bacterial infection
(a) acute eczema
Acute eczema in any part is generally followed by flushing-pap (plaque)-blister (exudation)-smash-scarring (scaly)-pigmentation. It is accompanied by itching. The clinical manifestation is that the pulp exudation is obvious and strict. The drip-like exudation, severe itching makes the patient intolerable, scratches, blood stasis, pustules, purulent exudation, purulent scarring, and eczema-specific appearance due to scratching. That is, a variety of types of rash exist at the same time, anal skin is a sensitive area, acute eczema itching is particularly intense, fecal contamination is more likely to cause bacterial infection, symptoms are more severe, can expand and perineum, scrotum, buttocks skin, affecting patients' lives and work, The course of the disease is extremely unstable, the treatment process is prolonged, and the process is changed to chronic.
(two) chronic eczema
Perianal chronic eczema is more common than acute eczema. Local manifestations include thickening of the skin, changes in moss, obvious wrinkles and cleft palate, tendency to exude, severe itching, chronic passage, and easy recurrence.
Examine
Perianal eczema examination
1. Visual examination, palpation.
2. Immunoreactive antigen, antibody detection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of perianal eczema
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Identification of perianal eczema and anal pruritus: eczema often has papules, erythema, exudation, erosion, and subsequent itching, while the latter is often itchy, no exudate, after scratching, secondary infiltration Out, bleeding, erosion.
Identification of perianal eczema and contact dermatitis: The latter has a clear history of contact stimulation, easy to find out, the rash is limited to the contact site, the shape is single, the blisters are large, the boundary is clear, after the cause is removed, the dermatitis subsides faster, rarely relapse.
The identification of perianal eczema and perianal neurodermatitis: the latter often itchy, followed by flat papules, mossy changes, light brown, dry and firm, lesions can be extended to the appendix, perineum and scrotum.
