ectopic pancreas
Introduction
Introduction of ectopic pancreas Heterotopic Pancreas, also known as Aberrant Pancreas or Accessory Pancreas, are isolated pancreatic tissues that grow outside the pancreas itself and have no anatomical association with normal pancreatic tissue and no vascular connections. Called the ectopic pancreas. It belongs to a congenital malformation. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.004% - 0.009% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: acute pancreatitis chronic pancreatitis adenocarcinoma
Cause
Ectopic pancreat
The cause of ectopic pancreas is related to abnormal embryonic development. At the 6th to 7th week of human embryo, when the dorsal and ventral pancreatic primordia rotates with the upper part of the original intestine, if there is one or several pancreas The basal cells stay in the gut wall, and the pancreatic base can be taken away due to the longitudinal growth of the gut, and the cell tissue produced by the dorsal pancreatic fetus will be brought to the stomach; the ventral pancreatic originator is brought to The jejunum becomes an ectopic pancreas. If the pancreatic base protrudes into the gastrointestinal wall, the biliary system, the omentum or even the spleen, pancreatic tissue appears in these organs, which is also an ectopic pancreas.
Prevention
Ectopic pancreatic prevention
Pay attention to rest, work and rest, life in an orderly manner, and maintaining an optimistic, positive and upward attitude towards life can be of great help in preventing diseases.
Complication
Ectopic pancreatic complications Complications Acute pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis adenocarcinoma
Common complications such as: acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, cysts, adenomas, adenocarcinoma, etc.
Symptom
Ectopic pancreatic symptoms common symptoms biliary obstruction intussusception transverse colon displacement mucosal atrophy
The ectopic pancreas has no clinical symptoms and can be found by chance during surgery or autopsy. The following six clinical manifestations may occur due to growth in certain special locations or other pathological changes. Some people also call it the six types:
Obstructive type
The ectopic pancreas that grows in the digestive tract can cause compression or stenosis of the organ and cause obstruction symptoms. For example, it can cause pyloric obstruction in the antrum of the stomach; it can cause biliary obstruction in the ampulla of the uterus; it can cause intestinal obstruction in the intestine. Or intussusception and so on.
2. Hemorrhage type
Ectopic pancreas is easy to cause gastrointestinal bleeding, which may be due to gastrointestinal mucosal congestion around the ectopic pancreas, erosion, or erosion of the gastrointestinal mucosal blood vessels leading to gastrointestinal bleeding.
3. Ulcer type
The ectopic pancreas located in the gastrointestinal tract can be secreted by trypsin, digesting the stomach and intestinal mucosa to form ulcers; the ectopic pancreas located under the mucosa can compress the upper mucosa to cause mucosal atrophy, and then ulceration occurs.
4. Tumor type
If the ectopic pancreas is located in the submucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract, it can cause local uplift of the mucosa; in the muscular layer, the stomach wall or intestinal wall can be thickened, which is easily misdiagnosed as a digestive tract tumor. Occasionally, ectopic pancreatic tissue will develop insulinoma. Causes hypoglycemia; malignant changes occur in pancreatic cancer.
5. Chamber type
Ectopic pancreatic tissue can be located in the congenital diaphragm of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the Meckel sputum, and can present with symptoms such as diverticulitis and hemorrhage.
6. Concealed type
Because the ectopic pancreas is congenital dysplasia, some cases can be found without any symptoms for life, or accidentally during surgery or autopsy.
Examine
Ectopic pancreas examination
Abdominal B-ultrasound: B-ultrasound can clearly display various cross-sectional images of various organs and surrounding organs. Because the image is rich in physical sense and close to the actual structure of the anatomy, the application of ultrasound can clearly diagnose early.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of ectopic pancreas
The disease can be diagnosed based on laboratory results.
The normal pancreas is located in the upper abdomen and left rib regions of the pancreas. The stomach and the back of the peritoneum are about the first lumbar vertebrae, lying on the posterior wall of the abdomen, which is a long strip of gland. It is about 14-18 cm long and weighs 65-75 grams. The lower edge of the pancreas is projected on the surface of the anterior wall of the abdomen to be 5 cm above the umbilicus and the upper edge is equivalent to 10 cm above the umbilicus The pancreas is divided into four parts: the neck, the body and the tail. There is no obvious boundary between these parts. The right end of the pancreas is surrounded by the duodenum, and the posterior is adjacent to the common bile duct, portal vein and inferior vena cava. The pancreatic neck is the transition between the head and the body, and the upper part of the front is the upper part of the duodenum and the pylorus, and the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein are combined with the portal vein. The pancreas is long and is the middle part of the pancreas. The anterior septum is adjacent to the posterior wall of the stomach, and the posterior is connected to the left kidney and the left adrenal gland. The tail of the pancreas is the part of the pancreas that gradually migrates to the left and is adjacent to the spleen.
