post brain injury syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to post-injury syndrome After acute trauma has been restored, there are still many symptoms of brain injury that cannot be eliminated for a long time. However, there are no obvious positive signs of nervous system in the clinic, and even no abnormal findings were found by CT and MRI. These patients are often mild or moderate closed head injury, and generally recover better after injury, but dizziness, headache and some degrees of autonomic dysfunction or mental symptoms have not healed. If these symptoms persist until 3 months after the injury, there is no improvement, which is called post-traumatic syndrome. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.1% Susceptible people: no special people. Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: tinnitus, hyperhidrosis
Cause
Causes of post-cerebral injury syndrome
In the past, although there were concussion sequelae or neurosis after brain trauma, the cause of the disease is organic or functional. It is still inconclusive, but from the current point of view, it may be in the slight brain Under the premise of qualitative damage, coupled with the patient's psychosomatic factors and social factors, after the violence against the head, regardless of the severity, it will cause a series of different degrees of brain tissue pathophysiological changes, the lighter only temporary biochemistry And changes in cerebral blood perfusion, for example, the reduction of intracranial circulation after a head injury can last for several months. In severe cases, it not only causes brain contusion, intracranial hematoma, cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, but also arachnoid Inferior ventricular bleeding, axonal rupture and some minor injuries, of which significant lesions are easy to detect during later examination, but there are also some minor lesions that are difficult to detect, such as traumatic neuroma of the scalp, intracranial and extravascular communication , meningeal-brain membrane adhesion, arachnoid villi closure, axonal rupture, microbleeds in the white matter or brainstem, softening, and damage to the neck and neck ligaments or muscles Through roots and so on, it can cause various symptoms. It must be pointed out that there is no corresponding relationship between the occurrence of post-traumatic brain injury syndrome and the severity of brain tissue damage. On the contrary, the proportion of brain damage is not accompanied by obvious neurological dysfunction. There are many neurological deficits in type of brain trauma. Some authors believe that the incidence of this syndrome is higher in the unemployed than in the employed, and there are fewer people with higher IQ and professional knowledge. The above situation is sufficient to explain the patient's Physical and mental factors, social influences, and whether life and work are stable are closely related to the onset of this disease.
Prevention
Prevention of post-cerebral injury syndrome
The disease is caused by trauma, and there are no effective preventive measures.
Complication
Complications of post-injury syndrome Complications, tinnitus and hyperhidrosis
When the autonomic dysfunction occurs, the patient may have symptoms such as tinnitus, palpitations, blood pressure fluctuations, excessive sweating, decreased sexual function or menstrual disorders.
Symptom
Symptoms of post-injury syndrome Common symptoms Dizziness, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, irritability, dysmenorrhea
Although the clinical manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome are various, they are mainly dizziness, headache and nervous system dysfunction. First, the headache is the most, accounting for 78%. Patients often have head pain, split or Jumping pain, the attack time is uncertain, the afternoon is more, the part is often in the frontal forehead or the back of the pillow, sometimes involving the entire head, or the pressure on the top of the head, or a ring-shaped hoop, so that it is dim and concentrated, lying in the pillow The headache is often accompanied by muscle tension and pain in the main part. It is mostly related to craniocerebral injury. The onset of headache can be caused by insomnia, fatigue, poor mood, unsatisfactory work or external paralysis. Secondly, dizziness is more common. About 50% of the patients, the patient often complains of dizziness, in fact, is not really dizzy, but subjectively feels head turbid, thinking is not clear enough, or a confused confused feeling, sometimes think that the body can not maintain balance Often aggravated by turning the head or changing body position, but the neurological examination does not have clear vestibular dysfunction or ataxia, after appropriate symptomatic treatment and comfort encouragement, symptoms Can be alleviated or disappeared, but soon again, in addition to dizziness, headache, patients often have emotional instability, easy fatigue, insomnia, distraction, memory loss, and even moody, irritating performance, inter-plant or plant When the nerve function is dysfunctional, the patient may have symptoms such as tinnitus, palpitations, blood pressure fluctuations, excessive sweating, decreased sexual function or menstrual disorders.
Examine
Examination of post-cerebral injury syndrome
1. Lumbar puncture can measure intracranial pressure to determine whether there is an increase or decrease in intracranial pressure. At the same time, it can understand whether cerebrospinal fluid is normal.
2. EEG examination can help to find focal lesions and whether there are persistent abnormal waveforms to determine further inspection directions.
3. CT scan can clearly show whether there is brain atrophy, hydrocephalus or localized lesions.
4. MRI is more conducive to the discovery of tiny bleeding points or softening lesions in the brain parenchyma.
5. Radionuclide cerebrospinal fluid imaging can understand whether there is any obstacle in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of post-injury syndrome
Typical medical history, auxiliary examination, and psychological testing are not difficult to differentiate diagnosis.
