Skin allergies
Introduction
Introduction to skin allergy Skin allergies are a very common form of allergies, and 20% of people have skin allergies. Skin allergies are also known as "sensitive" skin. From a medical point of view, skin allergies mainly refer to cosmetics, chemicals, pollen, certain foods, polluted air, etc., which cause skin irritation, such as redness, itching, peeling and allergic dermatitis. And other anomalies. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.8% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: erythema, dermatitis, urticaria
Cause
Causes of skin allergies
Age and physiological factors (20%):
As the age increases, the skin's secretory function is degraded, and the skin becomes thinner as it ages, and its protective layer function is also weakened. Stress, mental stress and depression can all weaken the skin's natural resistance, causing its self-repair function to slow down, such as endocrine disorders.
Environmental factors (20%):
Long-term exposure to sunlight or airborne environments, smoke, swarf, UVA and UVB, and infrared light can damage the skin because they produce a protective layer that can damage the skin's lipid barrier.
Chemical and weather factors (15%):
Some skin care ingredients such as preservatives, dyes, emulsifiers and fragrances can cause skin to become sensitive. Inferior cosmetics or improper medications. In the face of weather changes, the skin also needs extra adaptation. For example, in cold weather, if the skin is not fully moisturized, it is very vulnerable.
Prevention
Skin allergy prevention
1. Keep away from allergens, because allergic symptoms will always exist, it is impossible to cure, and you can only take care at all times to avoid contact with allergens that may cause allergies.
2, strengthen the skin's resistance is also an effective basic countermeasures, such as adequate sleep, balanced diet, emotional harmony, away from polluted environment and allergens, reduce skin irritation, etc., mild sensitivity, as long as the treatment is appropriate, will soon recover, In severe cases, seek medical attention quickly.
3, pay attention to the use of sunscreen products, while avoiding excessive exposure, because UV penetration is particularly strong, often exposed to thinning the skin, more susceptible to irritation.
4. Use facial cleanser and cosmetics with caution.
5, "sensitive" skin, usually should use warm water to clean the skin, in the spring pollen flying areas, to minimize the outing, to avoid pollen dermatitis, can use moisturizer in the morning and evening to keep the skin moist, prevent skin Dry, desquamation.
Complication
Skin allergy complications Complications, erythematous rash, urticaria
The cause is removed, the simple erythema subsides within a few days, and the blisters dry, blisters and large bubbles can be broken, exuded and scarred. If the inflammation subsides, there will be scaly, sometimes the skin will temporarily thicken, and continue to contact with the virulence factors or complications (such as irritation or topical allergy, epidermal exfoliation, infection) can persist dermatitis.
Symptom
Symptoms of skin allergies Common symptoms Facial peeling Pink complexion Skin redness Facial skin allergies Skin yellowing but sclera... Thigh long red sputum iodophor allergic skin lined wind... Sudden, painless local edema pediatric buttocks Itching
1, seasonal skin sensitivity
Some people have serious skin allergies when they change seasons: dry, itchy, peeling, erythema, etc. Skin sensitivity is related to dry skin and to the environment, climate, age, food, and cosmetics. People who are allergic should pay more attention to the balanced intake of diet and nutrition, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less fish and shrimp, beef and mutton and greasy, sweet food and irritating food.
Immediately after expiration of allergies, observe any cosmetic and observe and maintain the skin. During this time, do not wash your face with too hot water to avoid irritating the skin while paying attention to sun protection.
2, cosmetic allergy
Certain ingredients in cosmetics can cause skin irritation, irritating skin cells, and causing skin cells to produce antibodies that cause allergies. If skin irritation is caused by improper use of cosmetics, the ointment for treating general skin diseases cannot be used at will, otherwise it will cause rough skin, cause stains and aggravate skin diseases.
3, neurodermatitis
Neurodermatitis is a common pruritic skin disease in adults. The cause of the disease is generally thought to be related to mental factors, such as emotional agitation, overwork stress, sorrow and anxiety, etc., severe itching is a characteristic of the disease, and the skin becomes thicker after scratching, but Clear boundaries, no scales. It is light red in the early stage, and there is local pigmentation in the future, which occurs in the neck, elbow, buttocks and calf side.
4, peach blossom
Is a skin allergic reaction, the face will appear some reddish, round small red spots, itching, and some peeling, because it often occurs in the spring season, it is called peach blossom.
This skin disease starts in the spring and subsides after summer and autumn. The main symptom is that there are round or oval red or round oval patches on the face, and small scales on the surface, sometimes itching. More common in the face, but also in the upper arms, neck and shoulders. People who are prone to allergies are also associated with factors such as excessive sun exposure, indigestion, insufficient vitamins, dry skin, and inferior cosmetics. Do not use drugs to abuse, otherwise it will aggravate the condition.
Examine
Skin allergy check
1, systemic or local rash, may be accompanied by redness and swelling, blisters, or lesions and oozing and other symptoms; these lesions vary in shape and size, other skin allergy symptoms include itching, sneezing , runny nose, tears, rash, airway obstruction, or skin symptoms such as urticaria.
2. The contact dermatitis examination program caused by allergic reaction is mainly based on the inspection box "A"; the case caused by the primary irritant, the lesion range is widely associated with systemic symptoms, and the examination project may include the "A" of the inspection frame. "B".
3. Allergen examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of skin allergy
Differential diagnosis:
Insect bite: The typical skin lesion is a wheal-like papule with a small blister at the top and no systemic symptoms.
Drug eruption: There is a clear medication, there is a certain incubation period, skin lesions suddenly occur, in addition to the fixed drug eruption, more symmetric distribution.
Hemorrhoids: There is a history of contact infection, good hair and typical skin lesions. If you can find sputum, you can confirm the diagnosis.
Acute eczema: the cause is more complicated, the rash is pleomorphic, symmetrical, easy to recurrent and more erosive exudation, positive test.
